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Elizabeth L. Gardner (1921 – December 22, 2011) was an American pilot during World War II who served as a member of the Women Airforce Service Pilots (WASP). She was one of the first American female military pilots [1] and the subject of a well-known photograph, sitting in the pilot's seat of a Martin B-26 Marauder.
By the end of the war, over 500 fully paid positions were available to women as nurses and in the United States Military. [ 25 ] 1861: Dr. Mary Walker was a doctor with the Union Army at the First Battle of Bull Run (Manassas) and three later major engagements, but was later captured and spent the remainder of the war as a prisoner of war .
During World War II, many women filled roles vacated by men fighting overseas. Beginning in the 1960s, the second-wave feminist movement changed cultural perceptions of women, although it was unsuccessful in passing the Equal Rights Amendment. In the 21st century, women have achieved greater representation in prominent roles in American life.
By 1945 there were 4.7 million women in clerical positions - this was an 89% increase from women with this occupation prior to World War II. [8] In addition, there were 4.5 million women working as factory operatives - this was a 112% increase since before the war. [8] The aviation industry saw the highest increase in female workers during the war.
Marguerite Higgins Hall (September 3, 1920 – January 3, 1966) was an American reporter and war correspondent.Higgins covered World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War, and in the process advanced the cause of equal access for female war correspondents. [1]
He served in World War I and was later a factory worker. [1] Elise Lemme (27 October 1903 – 8 April 1943) was born in the Bismark area of Stendal. Her education lasted only through elementary school. She worked as a domestic servant and was a member of the National Socialist Women's League. [2] The couple married in 1935. [2]
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Laura Houghtaling Ingalls (December 14, 1893 – January 10, 1967) was an American pilot who won the Harmon Trophy.. She was arrested in December 1941 and convicted of failing to register as a paid Nazi agent, and served 20 months in prison.