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The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism is a book on political theory written by Danish sociologist Gøsta Esping-Andersen, published in 1990. The work is Esping-Andersen's most influential and highly cited work, outlining three main types of welfare states , in which modern developed capitalist nations cluster.
Esping-Anderson development of the three subtypes of welfare regimes were categorized under three dimensions: 1) state and market relations or the relationship between the state and market, 2) stratification or social relations and relationships, 3) social citizenship rights or whether or not an individual is dependent on the labor market. [51]
Gøsta Esping-Andersen (pronounced [ˈjøstæ ˈespe̝ŋ ˈɑnɐsn̩]; born 24 November 1947) [2] is a Danish sociologist whose primary focus has been on the welfare state and its place in capitalist economies. Jacob Hacker describes him as the "dean of welfare state scholars." [3] Over the past decade his research has moved towards family ...
For the years 1970–1980, the average rate of growth was 4.1 percent. This increased to 4.4 percent for the years 1980–1990 and then decreased significantly to an average of 1.9 percent for the period 1990–2000. [13] Reduced growth rates in the latter period occurred amidst a wave of welfare state reforms in the "southern European" states.
Welfare capitalism is capitalism that includes social welfare policies [1] [better source needed] and/or the practice of businesses providing welfare services to their employees. Welfare capitalism in this second sense, or industrial paternalism , was centered on industries that employed skilled labor and peaked in the mid-20th century.
For example, Esping-Anderson notes that, “European conservative regimes have incorporated both liberal and social democratic impulses. Over the decades, they have become less corporatist and less authoritarian.” [22] A lot of the scrutiny which Esping-Anderson's research concluded was due to the legitimacy of what each welfare state ...
[1] Pioneered in the 1970s and 1980s by a school of Scandinavian researchers closely associated with Walter Korpi, Gøsta Esping-Andersen, and John Stephens, power resource theory is an empirical approach to examining the development, characteristics and effects of social policies in advanced industrialized nations. [2]
The idea of decommodification as an egalitarian concept as set forth by Esping Andersen sparked contemporary research efforts focusing on perceived inequities. In 2008, a research journal pointed out a feminist critique that "the absolute focus on the welfare of individuals who are already working" leaves a central bias in the pursuit of ...