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Carnotaurus was a highly specialized theropod, as seen especially in characteristics of the skull, the vertebrae and the forelimbs. [R] The pelvis and hind limbs, on the other hand, remained relatively conservative, resembling those of the more basal Ceratosaurus. Both the pelvis and hind limb were long and slender.
Abelisauridae (meaning "Abel's lizards") is a family (or clade) of ceratosaurian theropod dinosaurs.Abelisaurids thrived during the Cretaceous period, on the ancient southern supercontinent of Gondwana, and today their fossil remains are found on the modern continents of Africa and South America, as well as on the Indian subcontinent and the island of Madagascar.
Date: 31 March 2012: Source: Own work based on: Javier Ruiz, Angélica Torices, Humberto Serrano, Valle López: The hand structure of Carnotaurus sastrei (Theropoda, Abelisauridae): implications for hand diversity and evolution in abelisaurids.
The hands are also very different among the different groups. The most common form among non-avian theropods is an appendage consisting of three fingers; the digits I, II and III (or possibly II, III and IV), with sharp claws. Some basal theropods, like most Ceratosaurians, had four digits, and also a reduced metacarpal V (e.g. Dilophosaurus).
Brachyrostra (meaning "short snouts") is a clade within the theropod dinosaur family Abelisauridae.It includes the famous genera Carnotaurus, Aucasaurus, potentially Abelisaurus as well as their close relatives from the Cretaceous Period of Argentina and Brazil plus Caletodraco from France. [1]
The hand of Aucasaurus was unusual: four metacarpals were present, but the first and fourth lacked fingers. The second and third had fingers, but they were quite short and had no claws. [ 4 ] Traits found in the caudal vertebrae suggests a significant caudal musculature and rigidity, possibly indicating that it could have been a fast runner.
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Conversely, the ectaxonic hand/foot has its dominant digit exteriorly (often digit IV). When either two or four digits are present and neither half of the hand or foot is more dominant than the other, the condition is termed paraxonic. [15]: 47–48