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Insulin glargine sold under the brand name Lantus among others is a long-acting modified form of medical insulin, used in the management of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. [7] It is injected just under the skin . [ 7 ]
Insulin glargine/lixisenatide is approved as a prescription for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus poorly controlled by lixisenatide or basal insulin alone. [6] According to the American Diabetes Association, combination treatment of a GLP-1 receptor agonist with basal insulin should occur after HbA1C levels remain above target (7% for most type 2 people with diabetes) following use of basal ...
Prandial insulin is usually administered no more than 15–30 minutes prior to a meal using a rapid-acting insulin or a regular insulin. In some patients, a combination insulin may be used that contains both NPH (long acting) insulin and a rapid/regular insulin to provide both a basal insulin and prandial insulin. [36]
A fasting blood sugar level of ≥ 7.0 mmol / L (126 mg/dL) is used in the general diagnosis of diabetes. [17] There are no clear guidelines for the diagnosis of LADA, but the criteria often used are that the patient should develop the disease in adulthood, not need insulin treatment for the first 6 months after diagnosis and have autoantibodies in the blood.
A Cochrane systematic review from 2011 showed that treatment with Sulfonylureas did not improve control of glucose levels more than insulin at 3 nor 12 months of treatment. [28] This same review actually found evidence that treatment with Sulfonylureas could lead to earlier insulin dependence, with 30% of cases requiring insulin at 2 years. [ 28 ]
The mainstay of type 1 diabetes treatment is the regular injection of insulin to manage hyperglycemia. [48] Injections of insulin via subcutaneous injection using either a syringe or an insulin pump are necessary multiple times per day, adjusting dosages to account for food intake, blood glucose levels, and physical activity. [48]
Unlike type 1 diabetic patients, patients with T2D can still produce insulin, so usually these patients take oral medications first before requiring insulin for diabetic control. [2] Patient education [31] and compliance with treatment is very important in managing the disease. Improper use of medications and insulin can be very dangerous ...
Slow-acting insulin such as Lantus or Levemir can be used for a large portion of the basal insulin needs, and the pump basal rate program can be used to fill in the remaining need. Lantus injected once daily is one back-up for pump users, but it can be a real benefit for some insulin pumpers who tend to develop ketoacidosis quickly. [citation ...