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Pentafluorophenol is the organofluorine compound (specifically a fluoroalcohol) with the formula C 6 F 5 OH. This is the perfluorinated analogue of phenol. It is a white solid that melts just above room temperature, and smells of phenol. With a pK a of 5.5, it is one of the most acidic phenols.
Hexafluoro-propan-2-ol is a speciality solvent for organic synthesis, particularly for reactions involving oxidations and strong electrophiles. For example, HFIP enhances the reactivity of hydrogen peroxide as applied to Baeyer-Villiger oxidation of cyclic ketones. [ 1 ]
2-Fluoroethanol was originally synthesized by treating 2-chloroethanol with potassium fluoride, in a simple Finkelstein reaction. [5] The product has a lower boiling point that the starting material and may be conveniently isolated by distillation.
Other biologically synthesized organofluorines include ω-fluoro fatty acids, fluoroacetone, and 2-fluorocitrate which are all believed to be biosynthesized in biochemical pathways from the intermediate fluoroacetaldehyde. [26] Adenosyl-fluoride synthase is an enzyme capable of biologically synthesizing the carbon–fluorine bond. [28]
Anatoxin-a is a neurotoxin produced by multiple genera of freshwater cyanobacteria that are found in water bodies globally. [3] Some freshwater cyanobacteria are known to be salt tolerant and thus it is possible for anatoxin-a to be found in estuarine or other saline environments. [4]
Alternatively, drugs blocking FAD synthesis could achieve the same goal; this is especially intriguing because human and bacterial FAD synthesis relies on very different enzymes, meaning that a drug made to target bacterial FAD synthase would be unlikely to interfere with the human FAD synthase enzymes.
Fluralaner, [12] sold under the brand name Bravecto among others, is a systemic insecticide and acaricide that is administered orally [13] or topically. [ 14 ] Mode of action