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Liquid properties Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ f H o liquid –128.4 kJ/mol Standard molar entropy, S o liquid: 214.39 J/(mol K) Enthalpy of combustion, Δ c H o –359.9 kJ/mol Heat capacity, c p: 131.3 J/(mol K) Gas properties Std enthalpy change of formation, Δ f H o gas –95.98 kJ/mol Standard molar entropy, S o gas: 309.65 J/(mol ...
Since carbon tetrachloride freezes at –23 °C, the fire extinguishers would contain only 89-90% carbon tetrachloride and 10% trichloroethylene (m.p. –85 °C) or chloroform (m.p. –63 °C) for lowering the extinguishing mixture's freezing point down to temperatures as low as –45 °C.
A cooling bath or ice bath, in laboratory chemistry practice, is a liquid mixture which is used to maintain low temperatures, typically between 13 °C and −196 °C. These low temperatures are used to collect liquids after distillation , to remove solvents using a rotary evaporator , or to perform a chemical reaction below room temperature ...
Carbon dioxide: 3.640 0.04267 Carbon disulfide: ... Germanium tetrachloride: 22.90 0.1485 Helium: 0.0346 0.0238 Heptane [2] ... Nitrogen: 1.370 0.0387 Nitrogen ...
This page contains tables of azeotrope data for various binary and ternary mixtures of solvents. The data include the composition of a mixture by weight (in binary azeotropes, when only one fraction is given, it is the fraction of the second component), the boiling point (b.p.) of a component, the boiling point of a mixture, and the specific gravity of the mixture.
For example, R-22 has one carbon atom, one hydrogen atom (2−1 = 1), two fluorine atoms, and one chlorine atom (4−2−1 = 1), so it is chlorodifluoromethane, while R-134 has two carbon atoms (2−1 = 1), two hydrogen atoms (3−1 = 2), four fluorine atoms, and no chlorine atoms (6−2−4 = 0), so it is one of the tetrafluoroethanes. This ...
1,1,1-Trichloroethane is a fairly potent greenhouse gas with a 100-year global warming potential of 169 relative to carbon dioxide. [18] This is nonetheless less than a tenth that of carbon tetrachloride — which it replaced as a solvent — due to its relatively short atmospheric lifetime of about 5 years. [19]
Because the liquid-to-gas expansion ratio of nitrogen is 1:694 at 20 °C (68 °F), a tremendous amount of force can be generated if liquid nitrogen is vaporized in an enclosed space. In an incident on January 12, 2006 at Texas A&M University , the pressure-relief devices of a tank of liquid nitrogen were malfunctioning and later sealed.
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