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This is a list of prices of chemical elements. Listed here are mainly average market prices for bulk trade of commodities. Listed here are mainly average market prices for bulk trade of commodities. Data on elements' abundance in Earth's crust is added for comparison.
At an electricity cost of $0.06/kWh, as set out in the Department of Energy hydrogen production targets for 2015, [73] the hydrogen cost is $3/kg. The US DOE target price for hydrogen in 2020 is $2.30/kg, requiring an electricity cost of $0.037/kWh, which is achievable given recent PPA tenders for wind and solar in many regions. [74]
The following table shows a range of estimates of the levelized costs of gray, blue, and green hydrogen, expressed in terms of US$ per kg of H 2 (where data provided in other currencies or units, the average exchange rate to US dollars in the given year are used, and 1 kg of H 2 is assumed to have a calorific value of 33.3kWh).
[154] [83] Solar electricity prices in India have already fallen below the affordable price (≈ INR 5.00 per kWh to generate 0.041 lb/kWh hydrogen which is equivalent to 0.071 litres of petrol in terms of lower heating value) to make hydrogen economical fuel by sourcing from electrolysis of water to replace petrol/gasoline as transport fuel.
Methanol is cheaper than hydrogen. For large amounts (tank) price for fossile methanol is about 0.3 to 0.5 USD/L. [37] One liter of Methanol has the same energy content as 0.13 kg hydrogen. [5] [6] Price for 0.13 kg of fossile hydrogen is currently about 1.2 to 1.3 USD for large amounts (about 9.5 USD/kg at hydrogen refuelling stations). [38]
The use of existing natural gas pipelines for HCNG was studied by NaturalHy. [24] To get the most out of an internal combustion engine in transportation if higher levels of hydrogen are added, modifications have to be made to the engine and the control strategy. [25] [26] [27] The hydrogen in the blend leads to lower CO 2 emissions. [28]
Hydrogenics is a developer and manufacturer of hydrogen generation and fuel cell products based on water electrolysis and proton-exchange membrane (PEM) technology. [2] [3] Hydrogenics is divided into two business units: OnSite Generation and Power Systems.
In 2006, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory stated that the cost of hydrogen fuel was around $9 a kilogram, roughly comparing it to $2 a gallon for diesel. It further noted that the total cost per mile (including maintenance) was around $1 per mile for diesel and around $6.50 per mile for hydrogen. [113]