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A glaciated valley in the Altai Mountains showing the characteristic U shape. Malyovitsa U-shaped valley, Rila Mountain, Bulgaria U-shaped valley in Leh valley, Ladakh, NW Indian Himalaya. The glacier visible at the head of the valley is the last remnant of the formerly much more extensive glacier which carved it.
U-shaped, or trough, valley: U-shaped valleys are created by mountain glaciers. When filled with ocean water so as to create an inlet, these valleys are called fjords. Arête: spiky high land between two glaciers. If the glacial action erodes through, a spillway (or col) forms
Cirque glaciers are glaciers that appear in bowl-shaped valley hollows. [4] [12] Snow easily settles in the topographic structure; it is turned to ice as more snow falls and is subsequently compressed. [12] When the glacier melts, a cirque structure is left in its place. [4] Examples include: Lower Curtis Glacier, Washington, United States
Oxbow lake – U-shaped lake or pool left by an ancient river meander; Pendant bar – fluvial landform formed on the downstream side of a weathering-resistant protrusion; Plunge pool – Depression at the base of a waterfall; Point bar – Landform related to streams and rivers
Glen – Name for valley commonly used in Ireland, Scotland and the Isle of Man; Gorge – Deep chasm between cliffs; Graben – Depressed block of planetary crust bordered by parallel normal faults; Gulch – Deep V-shaped valley formed by erosion; Gulf; Gully – Landform created by running water and/or mass movement eroding sharply into soil
Glacial erosion often causes U-shaped valleys to form. [6] These valleys allow for directed water movement such as seen in glacial streams with meltwater. [6] Subglacial fluvial erosion and glacial outwash occurs from the melting of the glacier and creates water flow that can wear bedrock. [4]
During glaciation, these valleys are often widened, deepened and smoothed to form a U-shaped glacial valley or glacial trough, as it is sometimes called. [68] The erosion that creates glacial valleys truncates any spurs of rock or earth that may have earlier extended across the valley, creating broadly triangular-shaped cliffs called truncated ...
New York's Finger Lakes. Lying south of Lake Ontario the Finger Lakes formed in tunnel valleys. A tunnel valley is a large, long, U-shaped valley originally cut under the glacial ice near the margin of continental ice sheets such as that now covering Antarctica and formerly covering portions of all continents during past glacial ages. [6]