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The Erzurum offensive (Russian: Эрзурумское сражение, romanized: Erzurumskoe srazhenie; Turkish: Erzurum Taarruzu) or Battle of Erzurum (Turkish: Erzurum Muharebesi) was a major winter offensive by the Imperial Russian Army on the Caucasus Campaign, during the First World War that led to the capture of the strategic city of Erzurum.
The Battle of Erzurum occurred in 1821 was part of the Ottoman-Persian War of 1821–1823. Qajar Iran, led by crown prince Abbas Mirza himself, defeated their Ottoman arch-rivals near Erzurum. [1] The Iranians were outnumbered with 30,000 men, led by Crown Prince Abbas Mirza, against the Ottoman Turks with 52,000 men. [1]
The Ottoman ruler Sultan Suleiman had made 3 marches (1534, 1535, 1548) to the Safavid lands before this march. During these campaigns, Tahmasp followed a different tactic in order to avoid an open battle against a large Ottoman army, and as a result, each time the Ottoman campaigns ended in failure, despite the huge costs incurred. [1]
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The Battle of Erzurum may refer to: Battle of Erzurum (1821), Persians defeat Turks during the Ottoman–Persian War; Battle of Erzurum (1877), Turks defend the city during the Russo-Turkish War; Battle of Erzurum (1916), Russians defeat Turks during World War I
The national park stretches over the mountain range of Allahuekber Mountains and is located on the province border of Erzurum and Kars. [ 1 ] It covers an area of 22,519 ha (55,650 acres) at an average elevation of 2,300 m (7,500 ft).
The Caucasus campaign comprised armed conflicts between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire, later including Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, the Mountainous Republic of the Northern Caucasus, the German Empire, the Central Caspian Dictatorship, and the British Empire, as part of the Middle Eastern theatre during World War I.
[1]: 196 Although the Turkish troops ceased resistance and were fleeing in disarray, with 4,000 of them deserting the army, a part of their infantry maintained order and retreated to the well-fortified position in Erzurum with 14 guns. [1]: 196 The Russians, being miles away and exhausted by the battle, did not chase them and therefore missed a ...