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  2. Zamak - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zamak

    The name zamak is an acronym of the German names for the metals of which the alloys are composed: Zink (zinc), Aluminium, Magnesium and Kupfer (copper). [2] The New Jersey Zinc Company developed zamak alloys in 1929. The most common zamak alloy is zamak 3. Besides that, zamak 2, zamak 5 and zamak 7 are also commercially used. [2]

  3. Chvorinov's rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chvorinov's_rule

    ρ m = density of the metal (in [kg·m −3]), c m = specific heat of the metal (in [J·kg −1 ·K −1]). It is most useful in determining if a riser will solidify before the casting, because if the riser solidifies first then defects like shrinkage or porosity can form. [5] [6]

  4. Zinc aluminium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zinc_aluminium

    Zinc-aluminium (ZA) alloys are alloys whose main constituents are zinc and aluminium.Other alloying elements include magnesium and copper.This type of alloy was originally developed for gravity casting.

  5. Charge carrier density - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charge_carrier_density

    In this case, the carrier density (in this context, also called the free electron density) can be estimated by: [5] n = N A Z ρ m m a {\displaystyle n={\frac {N_{\text{A}}Z\rho _{m}}{m_{a}}}} Where N A {\displaystyle N_{\text{A}}} is the Avogadro constant , Z is the number of valence electrons , ρ m {\displaystyle \rho _{m}} is the density of ...

  6. Rule of mixtures - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_of_mixtures

    where is the volume fraction of the fibers in the composite (and is the volume fraction of the matrix).. If it is assumed that the composite material behaves as a linear-elastic material, i.e., abiding Hooke's law = for some elastic modulus of the composite and some strain of the composite , then equations 1 and 2 can be combined to give

  7. Pot metal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pot_metal

    Toy road roller cast from zinc. Pot metal (or monkey metal) is an alloy of low-melting point metals that manufacturers use to make fast, inexpensive castings. The term "pot metal" came about because of automobile factories' practice in the early 20th century of gathering up non-ferrous metal scraps from the manufacturing processes and melting them in one pot to form into cast products.

  8. Spartan (chemistry software) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spartan_(chemistry_software)

    Spartan is a molecular modelling and computational chemistry application from Wavefunction. [2] It contains code for molecular mechanics, semi-empirical methods, ab initio models, [3] density functional models, [4] post-Hartree–Fock models, [5] thermochemical recipes including G3(MP2) [6] and T1.

  9. Gladstone–Dale relation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladstone–Dale_relation

    The plot of volume or density versus molecular fraction of ethanol in water is a quadratic curve. However, the plot of index of refraction versus molecular fraction of ethanol in water is linear, and the weight fraction equals the fractional density [4] In the 1900s, the Gladstone–Dale relation was applied to glass, synthetic crystals and ...