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Chemical nomenclature is a set of rules to generate systematic names for chemical compounds.The nomenclature used most frequently worldwide is the one created and developed by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC).
A semisystematic name or semitrivial name is a name that has at least one systematic part and at least one trivial part, [1] [2] such as a chemical vernacular name. Creating systematic names can be as simple as assigning a prefix or a number to each object (in which case they are a type of numbering scheme), or as complex as encoding the ...
In chemistry, a number of prefixes, suffixes and infixes are used to describe the type and position of the functional groups in the compound. The steps for naming an organic compound are: [5] Identification of the most senior group. If more than one functional group, if any, is present, the one with highest group precedence should be used.
IUPAC nomenclature is used for the naming of chemical compounds, based on their chemical composition and their structure. [1] For example, one can deduce that 1-chloropropane has a Chlorine atom on the first carbon in the 3-carbon propane chain.
The names "caffeine" and "3,7-dihydro-1,3,7-trimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione" both signify the same chemical compound.The systematic name encodes the structure and composition of the caffeine molecule in some detail, and provides an unambiguous reference to this compound, whereas the name "caffeine" simply names it.
Trivial names (non-systematic, or "common" names) are favored for use in titles of articles for organic compounds instead of systematic names.Trivial names are usually different from the preferred name following IUPAC nomenclature.
An IUPAC name is a systematic name that meets the recommended IUPAC rules. IUPAC names include retained names. A general IUPAC name is any IUPAC name that is not a "preferred IUPAC name". A retained name is a traditional or otherwise often used name, usually a trivial name, that may be used in IUPAC nomenclature. [7]
Hantzsch–Widman nomenclature is named after the German chemist Arthur Hantzsch and the Swedish chemist Oskar Widman, who independently proposed similar methods for the systematic naming of heterocyclic compounds in 1887 and 1888 respectively. [5] [6] It forms the basis for many common chemical names, such as dioxin and benzodiazepine.