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Anatoli Petrovich Bugorski (Russian: Анатолий Петрович Бугорский; born 25 June 1942) is a Russian retired particle physicist. He is known for surviving a radiation accident in 1978, when a high-energy proton beam from a particle accelerator passed through his head. [1] [2]
The energy involved in a fixed target experiment is 4 times smaller compared to that in collider with the dual beams of same energy. [5] [6] More over in collider experiments energy of two beams is available to produce new particles, while in fixed target case a lot of energy is just expended in giving velocities to the newly created particles.
The Therac-25 is a computer-controlled radiation therapy machine produced by Atomic Energy of Canada Limited (AECL) in 1982 after the Therac-6 and Therac-20 units (the earlier units had been produced in partnership with Compagnie générale de radiologie (CGR) of France).
The KEKB accelerator was the world's highest luminosity machine at the time. [citation needed] A large fraction of the data was collected at the ϒ (4S). The instantaneous luminosity exceeded 2.11 × 10 34 cm −2 ·s −1. The integrated luminosity collected at the ϒ (4S) mass was about 710 fb −1 (corresponding to 771 million B B meson pairs).
Wheeler's cosmic interferometer uses a distant quasar with two paths to equipment on Earth, one direct and one by gravitational lensing. After [2]. In an attempt to avoid destroying normal ideas of cause and effect, some theoreticians [who?] suggested that information about whether there was or was not a second beam-splitter installed could somehow be transmitted from the end point of the ...
On 30 March 2010, the first planned collisions took place between two 3.5 TeV beams, which set another new world record for the highest energy man-made particle collisions. [11] In 2012 the beam energy was increased to 4 TeV, after upgrades in 2013 and 2014 collisions in 2015 and 2016 happened at an energy of 6.5 TeV per proton. [12]
SuperKEKB [1] is a particle collider located at KEK (High Energy Accelerator Research Organisation) in Tsukuba, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan.SuperKEKB collides electrons with positrons at the centre-of-momentum energy close to the mass of the Υ(4S) resonance making it a second-generation B-factory for the Belle II experiment.
Belle II is a general purpose high-energy particle detector with almost full solid angle coverage. It has a cylindrical shape to cover the e + e − collisions happening on the central axis of the detector. The detector is asymmetric in beam direction, because the initial energy of the electron beam is larger than the positron beam.