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A microwave oven or simply microwave is an electric oven that heats and cooks food by exposing it to electromagnetic radiation in the microwave frequency range. [1] This induces polar molecules in the food to rotate and produce thermal energy in a process known as dielectric heating .
A microwave oven passes microwave radiation at a frequency near 2.45 GHz (12 cm) through food, causing dielectric heating primarily by absorption of the energy in water. Microwave ovens became common kitchen appliances in Western countries in the late 1970s, following the development of less expensive cavity magnetrons. Water in the liquid ...
Groups of motor units often work together as a motor pool to coordinate the contractions of a single muscle. The concept was proposed by Charles Scott Sherrington. [2] Usually muscle fibers in a motor unit are of the same fiber type. [3] When a motor unit is activated, all of its fibers contract.
This motor is driven by the flow of protons across a membrane, possibly using a similar mechanism to that found in the F o motor in ATP synthase. Molecular dynamics simulation of a synthetic molecular motor composed of three molecules in a nanopore (outer diameter 6.7 nm) at 250 K. [4] Nucleic acid motors: RNA polymerase transcribes RNA from a ...
Small synchronous motor with integral stepdown gear from a microwave oven. A synchronous electric motor is an AC electric motor in which, at steady state, [1] the rotation of the shaft is synchronized with the frequency of the supply current; the rotation period is exactly equal to an integer number of AC cycles.
Microwave volumetric heating (MVH) overcomes the uneven absorption by applying an intense, uniform microwave field. Different compounds convert microwave radiation to heat by different amounts. This selectivity allows some parts of the object being heated to heat more quickly or more slowly than others (particularly the reaction vessel).
Over time, ovens have become more high-tech in terms of cooking strategy. The microwave as a cooking tool was discovered by Percy Spencer in 1946, and with help from engineers, the microwave oven was patented. [12] The microwave oven uses microwave radiation to excite water molecules in food, causing friction and thus producing heat. [13]
Small appliances in a kitchen: a food processor, a waffle iron, a coffee maker, and an electric kettle Glowing filaments of a modern 2-slice toaster. A small domestic appliance, also known as a small electric appliance or minor appliance or simply a small appliance, small domestic or small electric, [1] is a portable or semi-portable machine, generally used on table-tops, counter-tops or other ...