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Ikigai can be described as having a sense of purpose in life, [5] [6] as well as being motivated. [7] According to a study by Michiko Kumano, feeling ikigai as described in Japanese usually means the feeling of accomplishment and fulfillment that follows when people pursue their passions. [8]
In terms of its etymology, eudaimonia is an abstract noun derived from the words eû (good, well) and daímōn (spirit or deity). [2]Semantically speaking, the word δαίμων (daímōn) derives from the same root of the Ancient Greek verb δαίομαι (daíomai, "to divide") allowing the concept of eudaimonia to be thought of as an "activity linked with dividing or dispensing, in a good way".
Jiva (Sanskrit: जीव, IAST: jīva), also referred as Jivātman, is a living being or any entity imbued with a life force in Hinduism and Jainism. [1] The word itself originates from the Sanskrit verb-root jīv, which translates as 'to breathe' or 'to live'.
Job 12:7–10 parallels the words רוח and נפׁש (nephesh): “In His hand is the life (nephesh) of every living thing and the spirit (ruah) of every human being.” The Hebrew term nephesh chayyah is often translated "living soul". [6] Chayyah alone is often translated living thing or animal. [7]
Accordingly, the Hebrew word נֶ֫פֶשׁ , nephesh, although translated as "soul" in some older English-language Bibles, actually has a meaning closer to "living being". Nephesh was translated into Greek in the Septuagint as ψυχή , using the Greek word for "soul". The New Testament also uses the word ψυχή.
Sentient beings is a term used to designate the totality of living, conscious beings that constitute the object and audience of Buddhist teaching. Translating various Sanskrit terms ( jantu, bahu jana, jagat, sattva ), sentient beings conventionally refers to the mass of living things subject to illusion, suffering, and rebirth ( saṃsāra ).
Interbeing fosters compassion and ethical living in Zen practice. Its philosophy states that a practitioner's well-being is intimately tied to the well-being of others and the environment. [24] This understanding encourages practitioners to act compassionately, reducing suffering not only for themselves but also for all sentient beings.
The six orthodox schools of Hinduism believe that there is Ātman in every living being , which is distinct from the body-mind complex. This is a major point of difference with the Buddhist doctrine of Anatta , which holds that in essence there is no unchanging essence or Self to be found in the empirical constituents of a living being, [ note ...