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A stratovolcano, also known as a composite volcano, is a typically conical volcano built up by many alternating layers of hardened lava and tephra. [1] Unlike shield volcanoes, stratovolcanoes are characterized by a steep profile with a summit crater and explosive eruptions. [2] Some have collapsed summit craters called calderas. [3]
Most of the volcanoes in the Oregon Cascades are either scoria cones, small shield volcanoes, or lava fields, though the segment contains a number of basaltic andesite stratovolcanoes such as Mount McLoughlin. [7] Black Butte is one such stratovolcano [4] (also known as a composite volcano), [9] with a mafic (rich in magnesium and iron ...
Location in Oregon relative to other major volcanoes. The major landmark for the Rogue River Valley, [4] Mount McLoughlin reaches an elevation of 9,493 feet (2,893 m). [1] The tallest volcano in between Mount Shasta — located 70 miles (110 km) to the south [5] — and South Sister 120 miles (190 km) to the north, it lies in the Cascade Range, in the southern portion of the U.S. state of ...
A complex volcano, also called a compound volcano or a volcanic complex, is a mixed landform consisting of related volcanic centers and their associated lava flows and pyroclastic rock. [1] They may form due to changes in eruptive habit or in the location of the principal vent area on a particular volcano. [2]
The overlying ice sheet sagged as the volcanic pile and enclosing meltwater cavity grew larger, resulting in the formation of a meltwater lake inside a depression on the surface of the ice sheet. This meltwater lake was churned by phreatic explosions and probably reached a length of more than 4 kilometres (2.5 miles).
Falso Azufre is a complex volcano at the border of Argentina and Chile.. Falso Azufre is elongated in east–west direction and contains craters and lava domes; [1] most craters have diameters of 300–600 metres (980–1,970 ft) with the exception of the main crater, which is 1 by 1.3 kilometres (0.62 mi × 0.81 mi) wide. [2]
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Socompa is a 6,051-metre-high (19,852 ft) [b] [c] [27] composite volcano [4] consisting of a central cone and several lava domes; [28] it is the most voluminous conical volcano of the Central Volcanic Zone [29] and one of the highest edifices there, rising more than 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) above the surrounding terrain. [30]