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The T4 genome is terminally redundant. Upon DNA replication, long multi-genome length concatemers are formed, perhaps by a rolling circle mechanism of replication. [6] When packaged, the concatemer is cut at unspecific positions of the same length, leading to several genomes that represent circular permutations of the original. [7]
The mechanism of infection stems from the conversion of relaxed circular double stranded DNA (rcDNA) into cccDNA, from virus templates, speculated to be performed by the cell's own DNA repair enzymes. This process occurs due to the retrotranscription of a cccDNA transcript into the normal cell's rcDNA genomes.
A viral infection does not always cause disease. A viral infection simply involves viral replication in the host, but disease is the damage caused by viral multiplication. [5] An individual who has a viral infection but does not display disease symptoms is known as a carrier. [17] Mechanisms by which viruses cause damage and disease to host cells
The pathogenic mechanisms of a disease (or condition) are set in motion by the underlying causes, which if controlled would allow the disease to be prevented. [5] Often, a potential cause is identified by epidemiological observations before a pathological link can be drawn between the cause and the disease.
When a large distance separates the source and the target (a small activation site), the redundancy principle explains that this geometrical gap can be compensated by large number. Had nature used less copies than normal, activation would have taken a much longer time, as finding a small target by chance is a rare event and falls into narrow ...
Terminally redundant DNA is DNA that contains repeated sequences at each end called terminal repeats. These ends are used (e.g. in virus T4 ) to join the ends of the linear DNA to form a cyclic DNA. [ 1 ]
P1 is a temperate bacteriophage that infects Escherichia coli and some other bacteria. When undergoing a lysogenic cycle the phage genome exists as a plasmid in the bacterium [1] unlike other phages (e.g. the lambda phage) that integrate into the host DNA.
It is believed that this replication mechanism of HPV may have physiological implications into the integration of the virus into the host chromosome and eventual progression into cervical cancer. [5] In addition, geminivirus also utilizes rolling circle replication as its replication mechanism. It is a virus that is responsible for destroying ...