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A chromosomal abnormality, chromosomal anomaly, chromosomal aberration, chromosomal mutation, or chromosomal disorder is a missing, extra, or irregular portion of chromosomal DNA. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] These can occur in the form of numerical abnormalities, where there is an atypical number of chromosomes, or as structural abnormalities, where one or ...
Supervised anomaly detection techniques require a data set that has been labeled as "normal" and "abnormal" and involves training a classifier. However, this approach is rarely used in anomaly detection due to the general unavailability of labelled data and the inherent unbalanced nature of the classes.
Models of abnormality are general hypotheses as to the nature of psychological abnormalities. The four main models to explain psychological abnormality are the biological, behavioural, cognitive, and psychodynamic models. They all attempt to explain the causes and treatments for all psychological illnesses, and all from a different approach.
Congenital anomaly (birth defect), a disorder present at birth Physical anomaly, a deformation of an anatomical structure Congenital vertebral anomaly, any of several malformations of the spine; Collie eye anomaly, eye disease of dogs; Coronary artery anomaly, a congenital abnormality in the heart; Ebstein's anomaly, a congenital heart defect
A congenital malformation is a physical anomaly that is deleterious, i.e. a structural defect perceived as a problem. A typical combination of malformations affecting more than one body part is referred to as a malformation syndrome. [citation needed] Some conditions are due to abnormal tissue development:
Chromosome abnormality, atypical number of chromosomes or a structural abnormality in one or more chromosomes; Congenital abnormality, condition which is present at the time of birth which varies from the standard presentation; Craniofacial abnormality, congenital musculoskeletal disorders which primarily affect the cranium and facial bones
A genetic disorder is a health problem caused by one or more abnormalities in the genome.It can be caused by a mutation in a single gene (monogenic) or multiple genes (polygenic) or by a chromosome abnormality.
A common approach to defining abnormality is a multi-criteria approach, where all definitions of abnormality are used to determine whether an individual's behavior is abnormal. For example, psychologists would be prepared to define an individual's behavior as "abnormal" if the following criteria are met: