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The angular velocity of the Earth is defined to be ω = 72.921 15 × 10 −6 rad/s. [ 11 ] This leads to several computed parameters such as the polar semi-minor axis b which equals a × (1 − f ) = 6 356 752 .3142 m , and the first eccentricity squared, e 2 = 6.694 379 990 14 × 10 −3 .
The Earth-centered, Earth-fixed coordinate system (acronym ECEF), also known as the geocentric coordinate system, is a cartesian spatial reference system that represents locations in the vicinity of the Earth (including its surface, interior, atmosphere, and surrounding outer space) as X, Y, and Z measurements from its center of mass.
Google Maps Navigation is a mobile application developed by Google for the Android and iOS operating systems that later integrated into the Google Maps mobile app. The application uses an Internet connection to a GPS navigation system to provide turn-by-turn voice-guided instructions on how to arrive at a given destination. [ 1 ]
Going the "long way round" on a great circle between two points on a sphere is a geodesic but not the shortest path between the points. The map t → t 2 {\displaystyle t\to t^{2}} from the unit interval on the real number line to itself gives the shortest path between 0 and 1, but is not a geodesic because the velocity of the corresponding ...
Major mapping services that offer turn-by-turn navigation, grouped by map data provider: [5] Google: Google Maps, a free online navigation app by Google for Android, iOS and KaiOS [6] HERE Technologies: HERE WeGo, a free online and offline navigation app for Android, Fire OS and iOS [7]
The road database is a vector map. Street names or numbers and house numbers, as well as points of interest , are encoded as geographic coordinates. This enables users to find a desired destination by street address or as geographic coordinates. (See map database management.)
A tunnel between points on Earth is defined by a Cartesian line through three-dimensional space between the points of interest. The tunnel distance D t = 2 R sin D 2 R {\displaystyle D_{\textrm {t}}=2R\sin {\frac {D}{2R}}} is the great-circle chord length and may be calculated as follows for the corresponding unit sphere:
A geographic coordinate system (GCS) is a spherical or geodetic coordinate system for measuring and communicating positions directly on Earth as latitude and longitude. [1] It is the simplest, oldest and most widely used type of the various spatial reference systems that are in use, and forms the basis for most others.