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Neural Polar Decoders (NPDs) [14] are an advancement in channel coding that combine neural networks (NNs) with polar codes, providing unified decoding for channels with or without memory, without requiring an explicit channel model. They use four neural networks to approximate the functions of polar decoding: the embedding (E) NN, the check ...
Arıkan developed polar codes, a system of coding that provides a mathematical basis for the solution of Shannon's channel capacity problem. [5] He presented a three-session lecture on the polar codes at Simons Institute 's Information Theory Boot Camp at the University of California, Berkeley .
Examples of block codes are Reed–Solomon codes, Hamming codes, Hadamard codes, Expander codes, Golay codes, Reed–Muller codes and Polar codes. These examples also belong to the class of linear codes, and hence they are called linear block codes. More particularly, these codes are known as algebraic block codes, or cyclic block codes ...
Each transmitted code word in a constant-weight code is designed such that every code word that contains some positive or negative levels also contains enough of the opposite levels, such that the average level over each code word is zero. Examples of constant-weight codes include Manchester code and Interleaved 2 of 5. Use a paired disparity ...
The Reed–Muller RM(r, m) code of order r and length N = 2 m is the code generated by v 0 and the wedge products of up to r of the v i, 1 ≤ i ≤ m (where by convention a wedge product of fewer than one vector is the identity for the operation).
The binary signal is encoded using rectangular pulse-amplitude modulation with polar return-to-zero code. Return-to-zero (RZ or RTZ) describes a line code used in telecommunications signals in which the signal drops (returns) to zero between pulses. This takes place even if a number of consecutive 0s or 1s occur in the signal. The signal is ...
LDPC codes functionally are defined by a sparse parity-check matrix. This sparse matrix is often randomly generated, subject to the sparsity constraints—LDPC code construction is discussed later. These codes were first designed by Robert Gallager in 1960. [5] Below is a graph fragment of an example LDPC code using Forney's factor graph notation.
Polar code may refer to: International Code for Ships Operating in Polar Waters, an international code of safety for ships operating in polar waters;