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An internal ribosome entry site, abbreviated IRES, is an RNA element that allows for translation initiation in a cap-independent manner, as part of the greater process of protein synthesis. Initiation of eukaryotic translation nearly always occurs at and is dependent on the 5' cap of mRNA molecules, where the translation initiation complex ...
The internal ribosome entry site contains three modules that can individually mediate internal ribosome entry. However, the full length sequence is required for maximal IRES activity. It is thought that the three IRES elements are somehow responsive to cellular changes and act to regulate the level of translation. [1]
In molecular biology, the ODC internal ribosome entry site (IRES) is an RNA element present in the 5′ UTR of the mRNA encoding ornithine decarboxylase.It has been suggested that this IRES allows cap-independent translation of ornithine decarboxylase at the G2/M phase of the cell cycle, [1] however there is some doubt about this. [2]
This family represents the internal ribosome entry site (IRES) of the hepatitis A virus. [1] HAV IRES is a 450 nucleotide long sequence [2] located in the 735 nt long 5’ UTR (untranslated region) of Hepatitis A viral RNA genome. [1] IRES elements allow cap and end-independent translation of mRNA in the host cell.
The c-myc internal ribosome entry site (IRES) is an RNA element present in the 5' UTR of the mRNA of C-myc and allows cap-independent translation. The mammalian c-myc gene is a proto-oncogene which is required for cell proliferation, transformation and death. c-myc mRNA has an alternative method of translation via internal ribosome entry where ribosomes are recruited to the IRES located in the ...
The Tobamovirus internal ribosome entry site (IRES) is an element that allows cap and end-independent translation of mRNA in the host cell. [1] The IRES achieves this by mediating the internal initiation of translation by recruiting a ribosomal 43S pre-initiation complex directly to the initiation codon and eliminates the requirement for the eukaryotic initiation factor, eIF4F.
The BiP internal ribosome entry site (IRES) is an RNA element present in the 5' UTR of the mRNA of BiP protein and allows cap-independent translation. BiP protein expression has been found to be significantly enhanced by the heat shock response due to internal ribosome entry site (IRES)-dependent translation. It is thought that this ...
The FGF-1 internal ribosome entry site (IRES) is an RNA element present in the 5' UTR of the mRNA of fibroblast growth factor 1 and allows cap-independent translation. It is thought that FGF-1 internal ribosome entry site (IRES) activity is strictly controlled and highly tissue specific.