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1-Phenylethylamine (1-PEA or α-PEA), also known as α-methylbenzylamine, is the organic compound with the formula C 6 H 5 CH(NH 2)CH 3. This primary amine is a colorless liquid is often used in chiral resolutions. Like benzylamine, it is relatively basic and forms stable ammonium salts and imines.
Benzylamine is used as a masked source of ammonia, since after N-alkylation, the benzyl group can be removed by hydrogenolysis: [10] C 6 H 5 CH 2 NH 2 + 2 RBr → C 6 H 5 CH 2 NR 2 + 2 HBr C 6 H 5 CH 2 NR 2 + H 2 → C 6 H 5 CH 3 + R 2 NH. Typically a base is employed in the first step to absorb the HBr (or related acid for other kinds of ...
lic 6 h 4 ch 2 n(ch 3) 2 + e + → 2-ec 6 h 4 ch 2 n(ch 3) 2 Via these reactions, many derivatives are known with the formula 2-X-C 6 H 4 CH 2 N(CH 3 ) 2 (E = SR, PR 2 , etc.). The amine is basic and undergoes quaternization with alkyl halides (e.g. hexyl bromide ) to give quaternary ammonium salts: [ 4 ]
amitriptyline – tricyclic antidepressant used to treat separation anxiety, excessive grooming dogs and cats; amlodipine – calcium channel blocker used to decrease blood pressure; amoxicillin – antibacterial; apomorphine – emetic (used to induce vomiting) artificial tears – lubricant eye drops used as a tear supplement
N-Methylphenethylamine (NMPEA) is a naturally occurring trace amine neuromodulator in humans that is derived from the trace amine, phenethylamine (PEA). [2] [3] It has been detected in human urine (<1 μg over 24 hours) [4] and is produced by phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase with phenethylamine as a substrate, which significantly increases PEA's effects.
Dog appeasing pheromone (DAP), sometimes known as apasine, is a mixture of esters of fatty acids released by the sebaceous glands in the inter-mammary sulcus of lactating female dogs. It is secreted from between three and four days after parturition and two to five days after weaning. [ 1 ]
The pharmacokinetics of phenylethanolamine, after intravenous administration to dogs, were studied by Shannon and co-workers, who found that the drug followed the "two-compartment model", with T 1/2 (α) ≃ 6.8 mins and T 1/2 (β) ≃ 34.2 mins; the "plasma half-life" of phenylethanolamine was therefore about 30 minutes. [15]
Clinically, non-selective alpha antagonists block alpha receptors (but do not differentiate between alpha-1 and alpha-2). They are used as antihypertensives because they block alpha-receptor-mediated vasoconstriction. The block on alpha-2 receptors further potentiates beta-effects, increasing cardiac output.