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Cardiogenic shock is most commonly precipitated by a heart attack. [4] Treatment of cardiogenic shock depends on the cause with the initial goals to improve blood flow to the body. If cardiogenic shock is due to a heart attack, attempts to open the heart's arteries may help. Certain medications, such as dobutamine and milrinone, improve the ...
Shock is divided into four main types based on the underlying cause: hypovolemic, cardiogenic, obstructive, and distributive shock. [2] Hypovolemic shock, also known as low volume shock, may be from bleeding, diarrhea , or vomiting. [ 1 ]
Vasodilatory shock, vasogenic shock, or vasoplegic shock is a medical emergency belonging to shock along with cardiogenic shock, septic shock, allergen-induced shock and hypovolemic shock. When the blood vessels suddenly relax, it results in vasodilation .
Examples: Traumatic Causes Examples: Medical Causes R Respiratory: Flail chest; tension pneumothorax; pleural effusion [2] Hypoxemia due to COPD, asthma, pulmonary edema [2] N Neurogenic: Traumatic brain injury; cervical or high thoracic spinal cord injury: C Cardiogenic: Cardiac tamponade; tension pneumothorax; pulmonary embolism [5]
Cardiogenic shock as a result of the heart being unable to adequately pump blood may develop, dependent on infarct size, and is most likely to occur within the days following an acute myocardial infarction. Cardiogenic shock is the largest cause of in-hospital mortality.
If the patient with cardiogenic shock is not going to be revascularized, aggressive hemodynamic support is warranted, with insertion of an intra-aortic balloon pump if not contraindicated. [15] If diagnostic coronary angiography does not reveal a culprit blockage that is the cause of the cardiogenic shock, the prognosis is poor. [15]
The physiology of obstructive shock is similar to cardiogenic shock. In both types, the heart's output of blood (cardiac output) is decreased. This causes a back-up of blood into the veins entering the right atrium. [3] Jugular venous distension can be observed in the neck. This finding can be seen in obstructive and cardiogenic shock.
Onset may be rapid (acute) or more gradual (subacute). [10] [2] Signs of cardiac tamponade typically include those of cardiogenic shock including shortness of breath, weakness, lightheadedness, cough [1] and those of Beck's triad e.g. jugular vein distention, quiet heart sounds and hypotension.
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