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Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini [a] (29 July 1883 – 28 April 1945) was an Italian politician who was the dictator of Fascist Italy from the March on Rome in 1922 until his overthrow in 1943. He was also Duce of Italian fascism from the establishment of the Italian Fasces of Combat in 1919, until his summary execution in 1945.
Fascist Italy (Italian: Italia Fascista) is a term which is used in historiography to describe the Kingdom of Italy when it was governed by the National Fascist Party from 1922 to 1943 with Benito Mussolini as prime minister and dictator.
Rulers of Tuscany; Rulers of Milan; Counts and kings of Sicily; Kings of Naples; Dukes of Savoy, kings of Sardinia, and kings of Italy from 1861; Doges of Venice
However, after the German-Italian defeats in Africa and the Soviet Union and the subsequent Allied landings in Sicily, King Victor Emmanuel III overthrew and arrested Mussolini, and the Fascist Party in areas (south of Rome) controlled by the Allied invaders was shut down. The new government signed an armistice with the Allies in September 1943.
Italian fascism called for women to be honoured as "reproducers of the nation" and the Italian fascist government held ritual ceremonies to honour women's role within the Italian nation. [81] In 1934, Mussolini declared that employment of women was a "major aspect of the thorny problem of unemployment" and that for women working was ...
The prime minister of Italy is the head of the Council of Ministers, which holds effective executive power in the Italian government. [1] [2] The first officeholder was Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour, who was sworn in on 23 March 1861 after the unification of Italy. [3]
People of the Italian Social Republic (101 P) M. Members of the Chamber of Fasces and Corporations (53 P) Benito Mussolini (5 C, 33 P) N.
Of the 60 prime ministers, eight served more than 5 years, while seventeen served less than a year. Benito Mussolini is the longest-serving head of government, having settled a dictatorship and ruled the country for a record of 20 years and 267 days; [1] Tommaso Tittoni was the shortest-serving prime minister, having governed for 16 days only in 1905.