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The bullae are formed by an immune reaction, initiated by the formation of IgG [citation needed] autoantibodies targeting dystonin, also called bullous pemphigoid antigen 1, [6] and/or type XVII collagen, also called bullous pemphigoid antigen 2, [7] which is a component of hemidesmosomes. A different form of dystonin is associated with ...
In order to diagnose paraneoplastic pemphigus, several tests may be performed. Initially, samples are obtained via skin biopsy for routine microscopy and direct immunofluorescence (DIF) testing. The skin sample needs to be obtained from an unaffected area adjacent to a lesion. Testing in more detail follows depending on the results from the DIF.
Diagnosis of bullous pemphigoid includes clinical assessment, skin biopsy for histopathology and direct immunofluorescence, indirect immunofluorescence and ELISA test. Among all, direct immunofluorescence is the gold standard for diagnosis of mucous membrane pemphigoid.
Antibody isotype(s) and location of antibody deposition in immunofluorescence studies using salt-split skin for autoimmune bullous conditions targeting the basement membrane zone of the human integumentary system Condition Antibody isotype(s) deposited Localization of antibody with use of salt-split skin Antiepilegrin cicatricial pemphigoid ...
A vesiculobullous disease is a type of mucocutaneous disease characterized by vesicles and bullae (i.e. blisters).Both vesicles and bullae are fluid-filled lesions, and they are distinguished by size (vesicles being less than 5–10 mm and bulla being larger than 5–10 mm, depending upon which definition is used).
Diagnosis is by observing the persistence of the condition, direct immunofluorescence, and detecting autoantibodies against type VII collagen. [2] It can appear similar to porphyria cutanea tarda, pemphigoid, pemphigus, dermatitis herpetiformis, or blistering drug eruption. [3] The condition is longterm and has no cure. [1]
Adult linear IgA disease is an acquired, autoimmune blistering disease that may present with a clinical pattern of vesicles indistinguishable from dermatitis herpetiformis, or with vesicles and bullae in a bullous pemphigoid-like appearance. [2]
[6] [7] It is useful in differentiating between the diagnosis of pemphigus vulgaris or mucous membrane pemphigoid (where the sign is present) and bullous pemphigoid (where it is absent). The Nikolsky sign is dislodgement of intact superficial epidermis by a shearing force, indicating a plane of cleavage in the skin epidermal-epidermal junctions ...
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