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The brown bear (Ursus arctos) is a large bear native to Eurasia and North America. Of the land carnivorans , it is rivaled in size only by its closest relative, the polar bear , which is much less variable in size and slightly bigger on average.
Brown bear range map. Brown bears (Ursus arctos) were once native to Europe, much of Asia, the Atlas Mountains of Africa, and North America, [1] but are now extirpated in some areas, and their populations have greatly decreased in other areas. There are approximately 200,000 brown bears left in the world. [2]
The Apennine Mountains provide habitat to Marsican brown bear and the Italian wolf. The Carpathian Mountains are a range of mountains forming an arc of roughly 1,500 km across Central and Eastern Europe and are inhabited by the largest populations in Europe of brown bears, wolves and lynxes, as well as chamois and other animals.
The Carpathian Mountains or Carpathians (/ k ɑːr ˈ p eɪ θ i ən z /) are a range of mountains forming an arc across Central Europe and Southeast Europe. Roughly 1,500 km (930 mi) long, it is the third-longest European mountain range after the Urals at 2,500 km (1,600 mi) and the Scandinavian Mountains at 1,700 km (1,100 mi).
It is also called the European brown bear, common brown bear, common bear, and colloquially by many other names. The genetic diversity of present-day brown bears ( Ursus arctos ) has been extensively studied over the years and appears to be geographically structured into five main clades based upon analysis of the mtDNA .
The Atlas bear was the only bear species ever to be native to Africa. The last surviving Atlas bear is thought to have been killed by hunters in 1890. [26] [27] †Ursus arctos priscus – Steppe brown bear (extinct) Eurasia: The steppe brown bear was an extinct prehistoric brown bear subspecies that lived in places like Slovakia.
Additionally, cave bear remains from Peștera cu Oase in the southwestern tip of the Romanian part of the Carpathian Mountains had elevated levels of nitrogen-15 in their bones, indicative of omnivorous diets, [25] [30] [31] although the values are within the range of those found for the strictly herbivorous mammoth. [32]
The landscape is protected on both sides of the mountains: Biele Karpaty Protected Landscape Area in Slovakia, founded in 1979, and Bílé Karpaty Protected Landscape Area in the Czech Republic, founded in 1980, a Man and Biosphere Reserve since 1996. The areas contain a wide variety of fauna and flora.