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"Glaciers" – The episode discusses how glaciers shape the landscape, explaining the formation, structure, and movement of glaciers and how they gouge and accumulate earth and rocks. It also describes basal slip , the snow line , glacial striations , till , glacial landforms such as moraines , and how the study of glaciers may help us ...
Lower Curtis Glacier is a cirque glacier in the North Cascades in the U.S. state of Washington. Cirque glaciers are glaciers that appear in bowl-shaped valley hollows. [4] [12] Snow easily settles in the topographic structure; it is turned to ice as more snow falls and is subsequently compressed. [12]
Esker: Built up bed of a subglacial stream, forming small, string-like mounds left behind as a glacier retreats. [1] [3] Kame: Irregularly shaped mound of sediments previously deposited by falling into an opening of glacial ice. Moraine: Built up mound of glacial till along a spot on the glacier. Feature can be terminal (at the end of a glacier ...
As the glacier advances, sediment is transported to the bottom of the glacier and deposited. When the glacier melts, this unconsolidated debris forms ridges. The shape of a terminal represents the shape of the glacier snout or terminus. [26] Terminal moraine refers to the moraine occurring at the point of the furthest advance of a glacier.
A kame, or knob, is a glacial landform, an irregularly shaped hill or mound composed of sand, gravel and till that accumulates in a depression on a retreating glacier, and is then deposited on the land surface with further melting of the glacier.
If a glacier's terminus moves forward faster than it melts, the net result is advance. Glacier retreat occurs when more material ablates from the terminus than is replenished by flow into that region. Glaciologists consider that trends in mass balance for glaciers are more fundamental than the advance or retreat of the termini of individual ...
Glacial striations are usually multiple, straight, and parallel, representing the movement of the glacier using rock fragments and sand grains, embedded in the base of the glacier, as cutting tools. Large amounts of coarse gravel and boulders carried along underneath the glacier provide the abrasive power to cut trough-like glacial grooves.
The long axis of each drumlin is parallel to the direction of movement of the glacier at the time of formation. [12] Inspection of aerial photos of these fields reveals glacier's progress through the landscape. The Múlajökull drumlins of Hofsjökull are also arrayed in a splayed fan distribution around an arc of 180°. [13]