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Marcus Didius Julianus (/ ˈ d ɪ d i ə s /; 29 January 133 – 2 June 193) [4] was Roman emperor from March to June 193, during the Year of the Five Emperors. Julianus had a promising political career, governing several provinces, including Dalmatia and Germania Inferior , and defeated the Chauci and Chatti , two invading Germanic tribes.
The Year of the Five Emperors was AD 193, in which five men claimed the title of Roman emperor: Pertinax, Didius Julianus, Pescennius Niger, Clodius Albinus, and Septimius Severus. This year started a period of civil war when multiple rulers vied for the chance to become emperor.
This was the Year of the Five Emperors, in which there were five claimants for the title of Roman Emperor.The five were Pertinax, Didius Julianus, Pescennius Niger, Clodius Albinus and Septimius Severus (pictured).
Coin of Pescennius Niger, a Roman usurper who claimed imperial power AD 193–194. Legend: IMP CAES C PESC NIGER IVST AVG. While the imperial government of the Roman Empire was rarely called into question during its five centuries in the west and fifteen centuries in the east, individual emperors often faced unending challenges in the form of usurpation and perpetual civil wars. [30]
The Praetorian Guard acclaimed the former consul Didius Julianus, who had provided the highest bid, ruler of Rome. 9 April: Pescennius Niger, the legatus Augusti pro praetore of Syria Palaestina, was proclaimed ruler of Rome by his legions. 14 April: The Legio XIV Gemina acclaimed its commander Septimius Severus ruler of Rome at Carnuntum. May
193: Year of the Five Emperors of Rome: Pertinax, Didius Julianus, Pescennius Niger, Clodius Albinus and Septimius Severus. 193 – 211: Reign of the Roman emperor Septimius Severus. The Kingdom of Aksum emerges. [6] Herakleitos makes The Unswept Floor, mosaic variant of a 2nd-century BC painting by Sosos of Pergamon.
Didius Julianus 133–193 r. 193: Septimius Severus 145–211 r. 193–211: Julia Domna 160–217: Julia Maesa 165–224: Macrinus 165–218 r. 217–218: Caracalla ...
As Severus approached Rome, by the end of May 193, Didius Julianus lost all support and was killed in the palace by a soldier on 2 June 193. [9] [10] The Roman Senate then acclaimed Severus as emperor. [9] [10] Before Severus entered the city, he disbanded the Praetorian Guards and replaced them with his own soldiers.