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Agrilus anxius, the bronze birch borer, is a wood-boring buprestid beetle native to North America, more numerous in the warmer parts of the continent and rare in the north. [1] It is a serious pest on birch trees (Betula), frequently killing them. The river birch Betula nigra is the most resistant species, while other American birches are less so.
Beech bark disease is a disease that causes mortality and defects in beech trees in the eastern United States, Canada and Europe. [1] [2] [3] In North America, the disease occurs after extensive bark invasion by Xylococculus betulae and the beech scale insect, Cryptococcus fagisuga. [4]
Cryptococcus fagisuga, commonly known as the beech scale or woolly beech scale, is a felted scale insect in the superfamily Coccoidea that infests beech trees of the genus Fagus. It is associated with the transmission of beech bark disease [ 3 ] because the puncture holes it makes in the bark allow entry of pathogenic fungi which have been ...
Bark beetles enter trees by boring holes in the bark of the tree, sometimes using the lenticels, or the pores plants use for gas exchange, to pass through the bark of the tree. [3] As the larvae consume the inner tissues of the tree, they often consume enough of the phloem to girdle the tree, cutting off the spread of water and nutrients.
The bark beetle is an insect of the subfamily Scolytinae, containing around 6000 species, which live and reproduce in the inner bark of trees.Upon successfully entering a tree, they mate and the female starts to burrow a labyrinth of tunnels running along the inner bark called egg galleries where she then lays her eggs.
The beetle is native to Arizona, where the ecosystem is adapted to it and tree mortality is generally low. It’s believed that it traveled to San Diego County via firewood. By 2012, it took hold ...
For these beetles to successfully colonize a new habitat, such as an area that has been burned by forest fire, it must be of high enough quality and in close enough range. Studies have shown that several Monochamus species use the pheromones of bark beetles as kairomones to find suitable host habitats quickly and efficiently, enabling them to ...
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