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A dog displaying the lip/nose licking behavior. Calming signals is a term conceived by Norwegian dog trainer and canine ethologist, Turid Rugaas, to describe the patterns of behavior used by dogs interacting with each other in environments that cause heightened stress and when conveying their desires or intentions.
She has identified some 30 calming signals to explain the communication of dogs. [ 1 ] Rugaas is the author of several books and DVDs that have been seminal in the subject of dog communication [ 2 ] that have since helped many dog trainers, behaviourists and ethologists understand dog language [ citation needed ] .
Aggression may occur an inappropriate response is made following warning signals. [2] For example, children often misinterpret the body language of dogs, especially when such motions precede an aggressive behaviour. The Calming signals are often not noticed or not interpreted correctly to recognize early signs of stress in a dog. [20]
Ears pulled slightly back and slightly splayed – signals indecision, or uneasy suspicion that may become aggression. [1]: 131 Ears flickering, slightly forward, then slightly back or downward – signals indecision with a submissive or fearful component. [1]: 131 Ears pulled close to the head to give a "round face" – a calming signal. [17]
Repeated exposure to stimuli whilst calming the dog and persuading it to remain quiet. Distraction as the stimulus happens, through treats, praise, or similar. Reshaping via clicker training (a form of operant conditioning) or other means to obtain barking behavior on command, and then shaping the control to gain command over silence.
Calmness is a quality that can be cultivated and increased with practice, [7] [better source needed] or developed through psychotherapy. [8] It usually requires training for one's mind to stay calm in the face of a great deal of different stimulation, and possible distractions, especially emotional ones.
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Relaxation is a form of mild ecstasy coming from the frontal lobe of the brain in which the backward cortex sends signals to the frontal cortex via a mild sedative. [citation needed] Relaxation can be achieved through meditation, autogenics, breathing exercises, progressive muscle relaxation and other means. Relaxation helps improve coping with ...