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Even people with very low LDL levels achieved by statin treatment are exposed to increased risk if their HDL levels are not high enough. [ 19 ] [ non-primary source needed ] Very high HDL-C levels (≥80 mg/dL in men, ≥100 mg/dL in women) appears to be detrimental to cardiovascular outcomes.
Hypercholesterolemia, also called high cholesterol, is the presence of high levels of cholesterol in the blood. [1] It is a form of hyperlipidemia (high levels of lipids in the blood), hyperlipoproteinemia (high levels of lipoproteins in the blood), and dyslipidemia (any abnormalities of lipid and lipoprotein levels in the blood). [1]
In healthy individuals, most LDL is large and buoyant (lb LDL). large buoyant LDL (lb LDL) particles; small dense LDL (sd LDL) particles; Lipoprotein(a) (LPA) is a lipoprotein particle of a certain phenotype; High-density lipoproteins (HDL) collect fat molecules from the body's cells/tissues and take them back to the liver. HDLs are sometimes ...
Hyperlipidemia is abnormally high levels of any or all lipids (e.g. fats, triglycerides, cholesterol, phospholipids) or lipoproteins in the blood. [2] The term hyperlipidemia refers to the laboratory finding itself and is also used as an umbrella term covering any of various acquired or genetic disorders that result in that finding. [3]
LDL can be grouped based on its size: large low density LDL particles are described as pattern A, and small high density LDL particles are pattern B. [14] Pattern B has been associated by some with a higher risk for coronary heart disease .
Blood lipids (or blood fats) are lipids in the blood, either free or bound to other molecules.They are mostly transported in a phospholipid capsule, and the type of protein embedded in this outer shell determines the fate of the particle and its influence on metabolism.
In familial hypercholesterolemia, a mutation in the LDLR, PCSK9, or APOB is usually the reason for this and these mutations result in high LDL cholesterol. [8] In combined hyperlipidemia, there is an overproduction of apoB-100 in the liver. [9] This causes high amounts of LDL and VLDL molecules to form. [9]
Hypertriglyceridemia is the presence of high amounts of triglycerides in the blood.Triglycerides are the most abundant fatty molecule in most organisms. Hypertriglyceridemia occurs in various physiologic conditions and in various diseases, and high triglyceride levels are associated with atherosclerosis, even in the absence of hypercholesterolemia (high cholesterol levels) and predispose to ...