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Drilling and blasting is the controlled use of explosives and other methods, such as gas pressure blasting pyrotechnics, to break rock for excavation. It is practiced most often in mining, quarrying and civil engineering such as dam, tunnel or road construction. The result of rock blasting is often known as a rock cut.
Open-pit mining, also known as open-cast or open-cut mining and in larger contexts mega-mining, [1] is a surface mining technique that extracts rock or minerals from the earth. Open-pit mines are used when deposits of commercially useful ore or rocks are found near the surface where the overburden is relatively thin. In contrast, deeper mineral ...
Room and pillar mining was one of the earliest methods used, [3] although with significantly more manpower. The room and pillar system is used in mining coal , gypsum , [ 4 ] iron , [ 5 ] limestone , [ 6 ] and uranium [ 7 ] ores, particularly when found as manto or blanket deposits, stone and aggregates , talc , soda ash , and potash . [ 8 ]
Hydraulic fill is likely to be the most economic method of construction. Even when the source material lacks sufficient elevation, it can be elevated to the sluice by a dredge pump. In the construction of a hydraulic fill dam, the edges of the dam are defined by low embankments or dykes which are built upward as the fill progresses. The sluices ...
Mining- drill and blast holes in open pit mining, where the drill operator will drill several holes, then fill with explosives and detonate to lift rock allowing access to ore body; RC- mineral exploration and pit grade control (needs specialized reversed circulation hammers) RAB - rotary air blast - mineral exploration using a conventional DTH ...
Cut and fill mining is a method of short-hole mining used in steeply dipping or irregular ore zones, in particular where the hanging wall limits the use of long-hole methods. The ore is mined in horizontal or slightly inclined slices, and then filled with waste rock, sand or tailings. Either fill option may be cemented with binders to add ...
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The mining method used is underhand cut and fill mining. [ 3 ] The mine's primary access and production are through the Silver Shaft, an 18-foot (5.5 m) diameter, concrete-lined shaft sunk to a depth of 6,200 feet (1,890 m), [ 4 ] [ 5 ] [ 6 ] over 2,800 feet (855 m) below sea level .