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The Nyquist plot for () = + + with s = jω.. In control theory and stability theory, the Nyquist stability criterion or Strecker–Nyquist stability criterion, independently discovered by the German electrical engineer Felix Strecker [] at Siemens in 1930 [1] [2] [3] and the Swedish-American electrical engineer Harry Nyquist at Bell Telephone Laboratories in 1932, [4] is a graphical technique ...
In communications, the Nyquist ISI criterion describes the conditions which, when satisfied by a communication channel (including responses of transmit and receive filters), result in no intersymbol interference or ISI. It provides a method for constructing band-limited functions to overcome the effects of intersymbol interference.
A number of stability criteria are in common use: Circle criterion; Jury stability criterion; Liénard–Chipart criterion; Nyquist stability criterion; Routh–Hurwitz stability criterion; Vakhitov–Kolokolov stability criterion; Barkhausen stability criterion; Stability may also be determined by means of root locus analysis.
Fig 1: Typical example of Nyquist frequency and rate. They are rarely equal, because that would require over-sampling by a factor of 2 (i.e. 4 times the bandwidth). In signal processing , the Nyquist rate , named after Harry Nyquist , is a value equal to twice the highest frequency ( bandwidth ) of a given function or signal.
This is a technique used as a stability criterion in the field of classical control theory developed by Walter R. Evans which can determine stability of the system. The root locus plots the poles of the closed loop transfer function in the complex s -plane as a function of a gain parameter (see pole–zero plot ).
Nyquist criterion may refer to: Nyquist stability criterion, a graphical technique for determining the stability of a feedback control system; Nyquist frequency, ½ of the sampling rate of a discrete signal processing system; Nyquist rate, a rate used in signal processing; Nyquist ISI criterion, a condition to avoid intersymbol interference
Early uses of the term Nyquist frequency, such as those cited above, are all consistent with the definition presented in this article.Some later publications, including some respectable textbooks, call twice the signal bandwidth the Nyquist frequency; [6] [7] this is a distinctly minority usage, and the frequency at twice the signal bandwidth is otherwise commonly referred to as the Nyquist rate.
The fourth graph depicts the spectral result of sampling at the same rate as the baseband function. The rate was chosen by finding the lowest rate that is an integer sub-multiple of A and also satisfies the baseband Nyquist criterion: f s > 2B. Consequently, the bandpass function has effectively been converted to baseband.