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The treatment of equine lameness is a complex subject. Lameness in horses has a variety of causes, and treatment must be tailored to the type and degree of injury, as well as the financial capabilities of the owner. Treatment may be applied locally, systemically, or intralesionally, and the strategy for treatment may change as healing progresses.
Lameness is an abnormal gait or stance of an animal that is the result of dysfunction of the locomotor system.In the horse, it is most commonly caused by pain, but can be due to neurologic or mechanical dysfunction.
A horse can live with laminitis for many years, and although a single episode of laminitis predisposes to further episodes, with good management and prompt treatment it is by no means the catastrophe sometimes supposed: most horses suffering an acute episode without pedal bone displacement make a complete functional recovery. Some ...
Pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID), or equine Cushing's disease, is an endocrine disease affecting the pituitary gland of horses. It is most commonly seen in older animals, [ 1 ] and is classically associated with the formation of a long, wavy coat ( hirsutism ) and chronic laminitis .
Horses usually require 3–6 days of treatment before clinical signs improve. [30] Due to the risk of endotoxemia, laminitis is a potential complication for horses suffering from colitis, and may become the primary cause for euthanasia. Horses are also at increased risk of thrombophlebitis. [31]
Isoxsuprine (used as isoxsuprine hydrochloride) is a drug used as a vasodilator [4] in humans (under the trade name Duvadilan) and equines. Isoxsuprine is a β 2 adrenoreceptor agonist that causes direct relaxation of uterine and vascular smooth muscle via β 2 receptors .
Heel pain is very common in horses with navicular syndrome. Lameness may begin as mild and intermittent, and progress to severe. This may be due to strain and inflammation of the ligaments supporting the navicular bone, reduced blood flow and increased pressure within the hoof, damage to the navicular bursa or DDF tendon, or from cartilage erosion.
It is less effective as a sedative if the horse is already excited. [23] Additionally, acepromazine is used as a vasodilator in the treatment of laminitis, where an oral dose equivalent to "mild sedation" is commonly used, although the dose used is highly dependent on the treating veterinarian. While it is shown to elicit vasodilation in the ...