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Ibn Khalaf al-Muradi in medieval Al-Andalus described a water clock that employed both segmental and epicyclic gearing. Islamic water clocks, which used complex gear trains and included arrays of automata, were unrivalled in their sophistication until the mid-14th century.
The word clock (via Medieval Latin clocca from Old Irish clocc, both meaning 'bell'), which gradually supersedes "horologe", suggests that it was the sound of bells that also characterized the prototype mechanical clocks that appeared during the 13th century in Europe.
The Prague astronomical clock or Prague Orloj (Czech: Pražský orloj [praʃskiː orloj]) is a medieval astronomical clock attached to the Old Town Hall in Prague, the capital of the Czech Republic. The clock was first installed in 1410, making it the third-oldest astronomical clock in the world and the oldest clock still in operation. [1] [2]
In England, a clock was put up in a clock tower, the medieval precursor to Big Ben, at Westminster, in 1288; [3] [4] and in 1292 a clock was put up in Canterbury Cathedral. [3] The oldest surviving turret clock formerly part of a clock tower in Europe is the Salisbury Cathedral clock, completed in 130.
Woodcut of medieval clockmaker, 1568 Lateral view of a Timothy Mason longcase clock movement with striking mechanism, c. 1730. A clockmaker is an artisan who makes and/or repairs clocks. Since almost all clocks are now factory-made, most modern clockmakers only repair clocks.
The unit was used by medieval computists before the introduction of the mechanical clock and the base 60 system in the late 13th century. The unit would not have been used in everyday life. For medieval commoners the main marker of the passage of time was the call to prayer at intervals throughout the day.
The Zytglogge is a famous 15-century astronomical clock housed in a medieval fortification tower. A set of 16th-century clocks which show the zodiac and the days of the week in concentric rings within a 12-hour clock face, with a moon phase ball above: Bremgarten. The clock of the Spittelturm , installed in 1558. Diessenhofen. The clock of the ...
Similar methods of measuring time were used in medieval churches. [citation needed] The invention of the candle clock was attributed by the Anglo-Saxons to Alfred the Great, king of Wessex. The story of how the clock was created was narrated by Asser, who lived at Alfred's court and became his close associate. [2]
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