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On August 6, 2011, Al-Shabaab was forced to withdraw from most of Mogadishu. Al-Shabaab did still retain a foothold in the northern outskirts of the capital, but by January 2012, the combined efforts of Somali government and AMISOM forces had expelled them from the city completely. [166]
The Transitional Federal Government was internationally recognized as the government of Somalia until August 2012, when it was replaced by the Federal Government of Somalia. It was established in 2004 as a successor to the now defunct Transitional National Government, and currently occupies Somalia's seat in the United Nations.
The Somali Rebellion was the start of the Somali Civil War that began in the 1970s and resulted in the collapse of the Somali Democratic Republic in 1991. The rebellion effectively began in 1978 following a failed coup d’état and President Siad Barre began using his special forces, the "Red Berets" (Duub Cas), to attack clan-based dissident groups opposed to his regime.
The Somali Civil War (2009–present) (Somali: Dagaalkii Sokeeye ee Soomaaliya ilaa 2009kii; Arabic: الحرب الأهلية الصومالية منذ عام ٢٠٠٩, romanized: al-ḥarb al-'ahliyya aṣ-ṣūmāliyya mundh 'eam 2009) is the ongoing phase of the Somali Civil War which is concentrated in southern and central Somalia. [1]
[182] the TFG was the second interim administration aiming to restore national institutions to Somalia after the 1991 collapse of the Siad Barre regime and the ensuing civil war. [183] The Transitional Federal Government (TFG) was the internationally recognised government of Somalia until 20 August 2012, when its tenure officially ended. [49]
Barre's administration governed Somalia for the next 21 years until the rise of Ethiopian-backed Somali rebel groups, which ultimately led to the government's collapse and the onset of civil war in 1991.
The Federal Government of Somalia (FGS; Somali: Dowladda Federaalka Soomaaliya, DFS; Arabic: الحكومة الفيدرالية الصومالية) is the internationally recognised government of Somalia, and the first attempt to create a central government in Somalia since the collapse of the Somali Democratic Republic.
As part of the official "Roadmap for the End of Transition", a political process which provided clear benchmarks leading toward the establishment of permanent democratic institutions in Somalia by late August 2012, [10] Somali government officials met in the northeastern town of Garowe in February 2012 to discuss post-transition arrangements.