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The mitochondrial theory of ageing has two varieties: free radical and non-free radical. The first is one of the variants of the free radical theory of ageing. It was formulated by J. Miquel and colleagues in 1980 [1] and was developed in the works of Linnane and coworkers (1989). [2] The second was proposed by A. N. Lobachev in 1978. [3]
The free radical theory of aging states that organisms age because cells accumulate free radical damage over time. [1] A free radical is any atom or molecule that has a single unpaired electron in an outer shell. [2] While a few free radicals such as melanin are not chemically reactive, most biologically relevant free radicals are highly ...
Aubrey David Nicholas Jasper de Grey (/ d ə ˈ ɡ r eɪ /; born 20 April 1963) is an English biomedical gerontologist.He is the author of The Mitochondrial Free Radical Theory of Aging (1999) and co-author of Ending Aging (2007).
The term "engineered negligible senescence" first appeared in print in Aubrey de Grey's 1999 book The Mitochondrial Free Radical Theory of Aging. [8] De Grey defined SENS as a "goal-directed rather than curiosity-driven" [9] approach to the science of aging, and "an effort to expand regenerative medicine into the territory of aging". [10]
After years of frustration over his inability to increase maximum lifespan with antioxidant supplements, Harman came to the conclusion that mitochondria were producing as well as being damaged by free radicals, but that exogenous antioxidants don't enter the mitochondria. And that it is mitochondria that determine lifespan.
The free-radical theory of aging proposes that this damage cumulatively degrades the biological function of cells and impacts the process of aging. [18] The idea that free radicals are toxic agents was first proposed by Rebeca Gerschman and colleagues in 1945, [19] but came to prominence in 1956, when Denham Harman proposed the free-radical ...
Cross-links. Crosslinking of DNA; Free radicals – atom, molecule, or ion that has unpaired valence electrons. With some exceptions, these unpaired electrons make free radicals highly chemically reactive towards other substances, or even towards themselves: their molecules will often spontaneously dimerize or polymerize if they come in contact with each other.
The effect of calorie restriction may be due to increased formation of free radicals within the mitochondria, causing a secondary induction of increased antioxidant defence capacity. [100] Mitochondrial theory of ageing: free radicals produced by mitochondrial activity damage cellular components, leading to ageing.