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In chemistry, a phosphate is an anion, salt, functional group or ester derived from a phosphoric acid. It most commonly means orthophosphate, a derivative of orthophosphoric acid, a.k.a. phosphoric acid H 3 PO 4. The phosphate or orthophosphate ion [PO 4] 3− is derived from phosphoric acid by the removal of three protons H +.
The general formula of a phosphoric acid is H n+2−2x P n O 3n+1−x, where n is the number of phosphorus atoms and x is the number of fundamental cycles in the molecule's structure, between 0 and n + 2 / 2 . Pyrophosphate anion. Trimethyl orthophosphate.
In the branches mentioned above, the "phosphoryl" and phosphate groups are sometimes abbreviated by the letter "P", or represented by a symbol of encircled letter "P". [ 2 ] [ 3 ] "Phosphoryl" groups are covalently bonded by a single bond to an organic molecule , phosphate group(s) or another "phosphoryl" group(s), and those groups are sp 3 ...
A sodium phosphate is a generic variety of salts of sodium (Na +) and phosphate (PO 3− 4). Phosphate also forms families or condensed anions including di-, tri-, tetra-, and polyphosphates . Most of these salts are known in both anhydrous (water-free) and hydrated forms.
Vanadium(III) phosphates lacking the oxo ligand have the formula VPO 4 •H 2 O and VPO 4 •2H 2 O. The monohydrate is isostructural with MgSO 4 •H 2 O [8] It adopts the structure of the corresponding hydrated aluminium phosphate. Oxidation of VPO 4 •H 2 O yields the two-electron electroactive [9] material ε-VOPO 4 [10]
ADP consists of three important structural components: a sugar backbone attached to adenine and two phosphate groups bonded to the 5 carbon atom of ribose. The diphosphate group of ADP is attached to the 5’ carbon of the sugar backbone, while the adenine attaches to the 1’ carbon. [1]
Ammonium phosphate is the inorganic compound with the formula (NH 4) 3 PO 4. It is the ammonium salt of orthophosphoric acid. A related "double salt", (NH 4) 3 PO 4. (NH 4) 2 HPO 4 is also recognized but is impractical to use. Both triammonium salts evolve ammonia.
The Ca/P ratio is often used in the discussion of calcium phosphate phases. [14] Stoichiometric apatite Ca 10 (PO 4) 6 (OH) 2 has a Ca/P ratio of 10:6 normally expressed as 1.67. The non-stoichiometric phases have the hydroxyapatite structure with cation vacancies (Ca 2+) and anion (OH −) vacancies.