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Before the time of Genghis Khan, Turkic and Mongolic peoples exchanged words with each other, with Turkic languages being more active than Mongolic. [11] [clarification needed] Extensive lexical borrowings from Proto-Turkic into the Proto-Mongolic language occurred from at latest the first millennium BCE.
The 2003 Etymological Dictionary includes a list of 2,800 proposed cognate sets, as well as a few important changes to the reconstruction of Proto-Altaic. The authors tried hard to distinguish loans between Turkic and Mongolic and between Mongolic and Tungusic from cognates; and suggest words that occur in Turkic and Tungusic but not in Mongolic.
from Turkish karamürsel, karamusal, perhaps from kara "black" + mürsel "envoy, apostle" [86] Casaba from Turkish Kasaba, a small town with 2.000 to 20.000 people in Turkey [87] Cassock from Middle French casaque "long coat", probably ultimately from Turkic quzzak "nomad, adventurer" (the source of Cossack), an allusion to their typical riding ...
Tuvan vocabulary is mostly Turkic in origin but marked by a large number of Mongolian loanwords. The language has also borrowed several Mongolian suffixes. In addition, there exist Ketic and Samoyedic substrata. [citation needed] A Tuvan talking dictionary is produced by the Living Tongues Institute. [9]
Khan [a] (/ x ɑː n /, / k ɑː n /, / k æ n /) is a historic Turkic and Mongolic title originating among nomadic tribes in the Central and Eastern Eurasian Steppe to refer to a king. It first appears among the Rouran and then the Göktürks as a variant of khagan (sovereign, emperor) [b] and implied a subordinate ruler.
Etymologically, the word ordu ultimately comes from the Turkic ordu which means "army" in Turkic and Mongolian languages, as well as "seat of power" [2] or "royal court". [3] [4] In English, it was directly or indirectly borrowed from Latin orda, [1] or from Polish horda.
The replacing of loanwords in Turkish is part of a policy of Turkification of Atatürk.The Ottoman Turkish language had many loanwords from Arabic and Persian, but also European languages such as French, Greek, and Italian origin—which were officially replaced with their Turkish counterparts suggested by the Turkish Language Association (Turkish: Türk Dil Kurumu, TDK) during the Turkish ...
Tamgha of the Bayundur, which represents a falcon according to Mahmud al-Kashgari. A tamga or tamgha (from Old Turkic: 𐱃𐰢𐰍𐰀, romanized: tamga, lit. 'stamp, seal'; Turkish: damga; Mongolian: tamga; Adyghe: тамыгъэ, romanized: tamığə; Kabardian: дамыгъэ, romanized: damığə) was an abstract seal or brand used by Eurasian nomads initially as a livestock branding, and ...