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RNA, complex compound of high molecular weight that functions in cellular protein synthesis and replaces DNA as a carrier of genetic codes in some viruses. RNA consists of ribose nucleotides and the nitrogenous bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil. Learn about the structure, types, and functions of RNA.
The Structure of RNA is typically single-stranded made of ribonucleotides that are linked by phosphodiester bonds. Explore more about the RNA at BYJU'S
RNA Structure. RNA is typically single stranded and is made of ribonucleotides that are linked by phosphodiester bonds. A ribonucleotide in the RNA chain contains ribose (the pentose sugar), one of the four nitrogenous bases (A, U, G, and C), and a phosphate group.
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a molecule that is present in the majority of living organisms and viruses. It is made up of nucleotides, which are ribose sugars attached to nitrogenous bases and phosphate groups. The nitrogenous bases include adenine, guanine, uracil, and cytosine.
The three-dimensional structure of RNA is critical to its stability and function. RNA being a single-stranded molecule can form a complex structure by allowing its ribose sugars and bases to be modified on the action of cellular enzymes (that attach chemical groups), to perform different functions.
The chemical structure of RNA is very similar to that of DNA, but differs in three primary ways: Unlike double-stranded DNA, RNA is usually a single-stranded molecule (ssRNA) [4] in many of its biological roles and consists of much shorter chains of nucleotides. [5]
RNA molecules are made by a process called transcription. In RNA, there are four different nucleotides, abbreviated by the first letters of their chemical names: A, U, C, and G. Each of these nucleotides has a complementary nucleotide that makes up the DNA strand.
RNA Structure. RNA is typically single stranded and is made of ribonucleotides that are linked by phosphodiester bonds. A ribonucleotide in the RNA chain contains ribose (the pentose sugar), one of the four nitrogenous bases (A, U, G, and C), and a phosphate group.
RNA consists of four nitrogenous bases: adenine, cytosine, uracil, and guanine. Uracil is a pyrimidine that is structurally similar to the thymine, another pyrimidine that is found in...
RNA is single stranded while DNA is double stranded. RNA has a sugar called ribose while DNA has a sugar called deoxyribose. RNA has the base uracil while DNA has the base thymine.