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The New Testament Greek equivalent to sheol is hades, which is also a general reference to “the place of the dead.” Sheol/hades is divided into a place of blessing (where Lazarus was in Luke 16) and a place of torment (where the rich man was in Luke 16).
Hades is the state in which all the dead exist. In the New Testament a descent to Hades may simply refer to someone's death and disembodied existence. In this sense even Jesus enters Hades. Following David's prophecy in Psalm 16:10, Peter interprets the resurrection as God delivering Jesus from Hades ( Acts 2:27 Acts 2:31 ).
Hades is a place of temporary punishment of the unrighteous dead. Jesus told the story of the rich man and Lazarus. In Hades, where he [the rich man] was being tormented, he looked up and saw Abraham far away with Lazarus by his side.
The Bible defines hell as an underground location in the center of the earth where people who have rejected God are tormented by fire, the gnashing of teeth of beasts, and the poison of serpents. The Hebrew word Sheol is defined the same as the Greek word Hades.
According to Homer, Hades was the name of both the underworld where the departed spirits dwell and the god of that underworld, also called Pluto, the son of Chronas and Rhea. Its original genitive form, Haidou, that is, “of Hades,” may reflect the idea that the underworld belongs to the god Hades.
Hades, according to various Christian denominations, is "the place or state of departed spirits", [1] borrowing the name of Hades, the name of the underworld in Greek mythology. It is often associated with the Jewish concept of Sheol.
What does the Bible really say about Hades? Uncover the meaning and implications of this mysterious term in biblical context.
Hades is used eleven times, being rendered “hell” ten times and “grave” once. Adding to the confusion is that two other words are also translated hell in the New Testament. These are Tartarus, which is found once and Gehenna, which is used twelve times.
Study the meaning of Hades in the International Standard Bible Encyclopedia. Learn more about the biblical context and references of Hades.
In summary, the Bible uses Hades/Sheol to describe the place where people go when they die before their final judgment. Hades contains holding compartments for both the righteous (Abraham's Bosom) where things are pleasant, and the wicked (possibly Tartarus) which is a place of torment and agony.