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  2. Polycarbonate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polycarbonate

    A major polycarbonate market is the production of compact discs, DVDs, and Blu-ray discs. [13] These discs are produced by injection-molding polycarbonate into a mold cavity that has on one side a metal stamper containing a negative image of the disc data, while the other mold side is a mirrored surface.

  3. Photo-oxidation of polymers - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photo-oxidation_of_polymers

    This plastic bucket has been used as an open-air flowerpot for some years. Photodegradation has made it brittle, causing part of it to break off when the bucket was moved. In polymer chemistry , photo-oxidation (sometimes: oxidative photodegradation ) is the degradation of a polymer surface due to the combined action of light and oxygen. [ 1 ]

  4. Bisphenol A - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bisphenol_A

    BPA is fairly cheap to produce, as the synthesis benefits from a high atom economy and large amounts of both starting materials are available from the cumene process. [7] As the only by-product is water, it may be considered an industrial example of green chemistry. Global production in 2022 was estimated to be in the region of 10 million ...

  5. Process flow diagram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Process_flow_diagram

    A process flow diagram (PFD) is a diagram commonly used in chemical and process engineering to indicate the general flow of plant processes and equipment. The PFD displays the relationship between major equipment of a plant facility and does not show minor details such as piping details and designations.

  6. Plastic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic

    The rest was pre-consumer waste from resin production and manufacturing of plastic products (e.g. materials rejected due to unsuitable color, hardness, or processing characteristics). [ 5 ] The Ocean Conservancy reported that China, Indonesia, Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam dump more plastic into the sea than all other countries combined ...

  7. Plastic extrusion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_extrusion

    This process is the same as a regular extrusion process up until the die. There are three main types of dies used in this process: annular (or crosshead), spider, and spiral. Annular dies are the simplest, and rely on the polymer melt channeling around the entire cross section of the die before exiting the die; this can result in uneven flow.

  8. Polymer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymer

    A polymer (/ ˈ p ɒ l ɪ m ər / [4] [5]) is a substance or material that consists of very large molecules, or macromolecules, that are constituted by many repeating subunits derived from one or more species of monomers. [6]

  9. Plastic film - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastic_film

    Plastic film is a thin continuous polymeric material. Thicker plastic material is often called a "sheet". Thicker plastic material is often called a "sheet". These thin plastic membranes are used to separate areas or volumes, to hold items, to act as barriers, or as printable surfaces.