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The father-and-son scientific team of William Lawrence Bragg and William Henry Bragg, who were 1915 Nobel Prize Winners, were the original pioneers in developing X-ray emission spectroscopy. [2] An example of a spectrometer developed by William Henry Bragg , which was used by both father and son to investigate the structure of crystals, can be ...
According to Bragg's law, when an X-ray beam of wavelength "λ" strikes the surface of a crystal at an angle "Θ" and the crystal has atomic lattice planes a distance "d" apart, then constructive interference will result in a beam of diffracted x-rays that will be emitted from the crystal at angle "Θ" if nλ = 2d sin Θ, where n is an integer.
Bragg X-ray spectrometer, England, 1910-1926 Developed by William Henry Bragg (1862-1942), a professor of physics based in Leeds, England, this X-ray spectrometer was used by him and his son William Lawrence Bragg (1890-1971) to investigate the structure of crystals. The Braggs developed new tools and techniques to understand crystals.
Sir William Henry Bragg (2 July 1862 – 12 March 1942) was an English physicist, chemist, mathematician, and active sportsman who uniquely [1] shared a Nobel Prize with his son Lawrence Bragg – the 1915 Nobel Prize in Physics: "for their services in the analysis of crystal structure by means of X-rays". [2]
Portrait of William Lawrence Bragg taken when he was around 40 years old. Sir William Lawrence Bragg (31 March 1890 – 1 July 1971), known as Lawrence Bragg, was an Australian-born British physicist and X-ray crystallographer, discoverer (1912) of Bragg's law of X-ray diffraction, which is basic for the determination of crystal structure.
William Lawrence Bragg later found a relation between the energy of a photon and its diffraction within a crystal. The formula he established, n λ = 2 d sin ( θ ) {\displaystyle n\lambda =2d\,\sin(\theta )} , says that an X-ray photon with a specific energy bends at a precisely defined angle within a crystal.
An automatic scanning spectrometer includes a mechanism to change the wavelength selected by the monochromator and to record the resulting changes in the measured quantity as a function of the wavelength. If an imaging device replaces the exit slit, the result is the basic configuration of a spectrograph. This configuration allows the ...
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