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For a given sampling rate (samples per second), the Nyquist frequency (cycles per second) is the frequency whose cycle-length (or period) is twice the interval between samples, thus 0.5 cycle/sample. For example, audio CDs have a sampling rate of 44100 samples/second. At 0.5 cycle/sample, the corresponding Nyquist frequency is 22050 cycles/second .
Fig 1: Typical example of Nyquist frequency and rate. They are rarely equal, because that would require over-sampling by a factor of 2 (i.e. 4 times the bandwidth). In signal processing, the Nyquist rate, named after Harry Nyquist, is a value equal to twice the highest frequency of a given function or signal
A signal may be intentionally sampled at a higher rate to reduce the requirements and distortion of the anti-alias filter. For example, compare CD audio with high-resolution audio. CD audio filters the signal to a passband edge of 20 kHz, with a stopband Nyquist frequency of 22.05 kHz and sample rate of 44.1 kHz.
Theoretically, a bandwidth-limited signal can be perfectly reconstructed if sampled at the Nyquist rate or above it. The Nyquist rate is defined as twice the bandwidth of the signal. Oversampling is capable of improving resolution and signal-to-noise ratio, and can be helpful in avoiding aliasing and phase distortion by relaxing anti-aliasing ...
Similarly, Nyquist's name was attached to Nyquist rate in 1953 by Harold S. Black: If the essential frequency range is limited to B {\displaystyle B} cycles per second, 2 B {\displaystyle 2B} was given by Nyquist as the maximum number of code elements per second that could be unambiguously resolved, assuming the peak interference is less than ...
For example, a $100,000 business loan paid off in two years with a 25 percent interest rate would cost $28,091.65 in total interest. That amount is far less than the $50,000 in interest you’d ...
The same factor rate converts to a higher interest rate over a short term and a lower interest rate over a longer term. This is because interest rates express the cost of the loan as a percentage ...
Important signals of this sort include a radio's intermediate-frequency (IF), radio-frequency (RF) signal, and the individual channels of a filter bank. If n > 1, then the conditions result in what is sometimes referred to as undersampling, bandpass sampling, or using a sampling rate less than the Nyquist rate (2f H). For the case of a given ...