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The Federal Reserve System (often shortened to the Federal Reserve, or simply the Fed) is the central banking system of the United States.It was created on December 23, 1913, with the enactment of the Federal Reserve Act, after a series of financial panics (particularly the panic of 1907) led to the desire for central control of the monetary system in order to alleviate financial crises.
The Federal Reserve System in the United States is generally regarded as one of the more independent central banks. The Federal Reserve System is an independent government institution that has private aspects. The System is not a private organization and does not operate for the purpose of making a profit. [13]
The Federal Reserve is the central bank of the U.S. and is responsible for setting monetary policy and promoting maximum employment, stable prices and financial stability.
Also created as part of the Federal Reserve System was a 12-member Federal Advisory Committee and a single new United States currency, the Federal Reserve Note. The Federal Reserve Act created a national currency and a monetary system that could respond effectively to the stresses in the banking system and create a stable financial system.
Key takeaways. The Federal Reserve’s board of governors is responsible for overseeing the broader Fed system, as well as supervising and regulating financial institutions.
The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, commonly known as the Federal Reserve Board, is the main governing body of the Federal Reserve System. It is charged with overseeing the Federal Reserve Banks and with helping implement the monetary policy of the United States .
There are 24 Federal Reserve branches. There were 25 branches but in October 2008 the Federal Reserve Bank of New York Buffalo Branch was closed. List of Federal Reserve branches [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
The Federal Reserve meets for its second two-day rate-setting session of 2025 on Tuesday, March 18, and Wednesday, March 19, 2025. At the end of its Federal Open Market Committee session on ...