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The systematic name of this enzyme class is benzene,NADH:oxygen oxidoreductase (1,2-hydroxylating). Other names in common use include benzene hydroxylase , and benzene dioxygenase . Biological role
The most widely observed cofactor involved in dioxygenation reactions is iron, but the catalytic scheme employed by these iron-containing enzymes is highly diverse. Iron-containing dioxygenases can be subdivided into three classes on the basis of how iron is incorporated into the active site: those employing a mononuclear iron center, those containing a Rieske [2Fe-2S] cluster, and those ...
Aromatic-ring-hydroxylating dioxygenases (ARHD) incorporate two atoms of dioxygen (O 2) into their substrates in the dihydroxylation reaction.The product is (substituted) cis-1,2-dihydroxycyclohexadiene, which is subsequently converted to (substituted) benzene glycol by a cis-diol dehydrogenase.
The mechanism of action of nitisinone involves inhibition of 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD). [5] [6] This is a treatment for patients with Tyrosinemia type 1 as it prevents the formation of 4-Maleylacetoacetic acid and fumarylacetoacetic acid, which have the potential to be converted to succinyl acetone, a toxin that damages the liver and kidneys. [4]
Alkaptonuria is a rare inherited genetic disease which is caused by a mutation in the HGD gene for the enzyme homogentisate 1,2-dioxygenase (EC 1.13.11.5); if a person inherits an abnormal copy from both parents (it is a recessive condition), the body accumulates an intermediate substance called homogentisic acid in the blood and tissues.
The first four seem to be involved in the hydroxylation of toluene to benzyl alcohol. CYP2E1 seems to be the primary enzyme in the hydroxylation of toluene, accounting for roughly 44% of toluene metabolism; [1] however, there is a great deal of ethnic variability, in the Finnish population for example the primary enzyme is CYP2B6.
This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on single donors with O 2 as oxidant and incorporation of two atoms of oxygen into the substrate (oxygenases). The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O 2. The systematic name of this enzyme class is benzene-1,2,4-triol:oxygen 1,2-oxidoreductase (decyclizing).
The 4 substrates of this enzyme are terephthalate, NADH, H +, and O 2, whereas its two products are (1R,6S)-dihydroxycyclohexa-2,4-diene-1,4-dicarboxylate and NAD +. This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on paired donors, with O2 as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen. The oxygen ...