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Schematic cross section of a pressurized caisson. In geotechnical engineering, a caisson (/ ˈ k eɪ s ən,-s ɒ n /; borrowed from French caisson 'box', from Italian cassone 'large box', an augmentative of cassa) is a watertight retaining structure [1] used, for example, to work on the foundations of a bridge pier, for the construction of a concrete dam, [2] or for the repair of ships.
A cofferdam is an enclosure built within a body of water to allow the enclosed area to be pumped out or drained. [1] This pumping creates a dry working environment so that the work can be carried out safely. Cofferdams are commonly used for construction or repair of permanent dams, oil platforms, bridge piers, etc., built within water.
The steel bridge was designed with two spans, supported by a central pier. The contractors sank a coffer dam and started building foundations for the central pier. However, a hot water eruption flooded the coffer dam, causing it to float off. It was decided to relocate the mid-river pier.
After the base slab had been laid, the cofferdams could be emptied of water and the rest of the pier was constructed. Timber piles were used for the construction of the abutment foundations, and to reinforce one of the piers. [2] On 12 December 1935 an English steam ship ran into the old Masnedsund Bridge, and destroyed part of it.
The bridge was designed by Major William Turnbull. [3] Construction of the bridge and Alexandria Canal began in 1833, and both were completed in 1843. [3] To withstand Potomac ice floes, the piers were made of gneiss, with icebreakers made of granite. [4] The water-filled bridge was a weatherproofed-timber, queen-post truss construction. [5]
A cofferdam during the construction of locks at the Montgomery Point Lock and Dam A cofferdam is a barrier, usually temporary, constructed to exclude water from an area that is normally submerged. Made commonly of wood, concrete , or steel sheet piling , cofferdams are used to allow construction on the foundation of permanent dams, bridges, and ...
Marine architecture is the design of architectural and engineering structures which support coastal design, near-shore and off-shore or deep-water planning for many projects such as shipyards, ship transport, coastal management or other marine and/or hydroscape activities.
The Locks and Dams 52 and 53 Replacement Project, better known as the Olmsted Locks and Dam Project makes use of the innovative in-the-wet construction. When a dam is constructed on a small river, engineers usually create a cofferdam (or an enclosure) within a river and drain the water out of it to facilitate construction. However, building ...