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Francoist Spain (Spanish: España franquista), also known as the Francoist dictatorship (dictadura franquista), was the period of Spanish history between 1936 and 1975, when Francisco Franco ruled Spain after the Spanish Civil War with the title Caudillo. After his death in 1975 due to heart failure, Spain transitioned into a democracy.
This period in Spanish history, from the Nationalist victory to Franco's death, is commonly known as Francoist Spain or as the Francoist dictatorship. Born in Ferrol, Galicia, into an upper-class military family, Franco served in the Spanish Army as a cadet in the Toledo Infantry Academy from 1907 to 1910.
The first Francoism (1939-1959) was the first stage in the history of General Francisco Franco's dictatorship, between the end of the Spanish Civil War and the abandonment of the autarkic economic policy with the application of the Stabilization Plan of 1959, which gave way to the developmentalist Francoism or second Francoism, which lasted until the death of the Generalissimo.
Armorial achievement of Spain during the Francoist State, consisting of the traditional escutcheon (arms of Castile, León, Aragon, Navarre and Granada) and the Pillars of Hercules with the motto Plus Ultra, together with Francoist symbols: the motto «Una Grande Libre», the Eagle of St. John, and the yoke and arrows of the Catholic Monarchs which were also adopted by the Falangists.
As a result, Spain and France agreed in May 1970 to the sale of 19 AMX-30 main battle tanks. All of these were delivered to the Spanish Legion deployed in the Spanish Sahara. [ 49 ] From 1974, Spain began to manufacture the AMX-30 (called AMX-30E ), with the production of the first batch of 180 tanks until 25 June 1979.
The first government of Francisco Franco was formed on 31 January 1938 during the Spanish Civil War, shortly after having been proclaimed as Head of State of Spain. [1] [2] It succeeded the Technical State Junta in the Nationalist zone—eventually, it would also take over from the Republican National Defence Council at the end of the war—and was the Government of Spain from 31 January 1938 ...
Francoist Spain's coat of arms incorporates the mottos "Una Grande Libre" and Plus Ultra.It consists of the traditional Spanish escutcheon (the arms of Castile, León, Aragon, Navarre and Granada), as well as other heraldic icons such as the Pillars of Hercules.
A leading Falangist, Ernesto Giménez Caballero, was the main theorist of the art of Francoist Spain. In 1934, after attending a conference in Italy, Ernesto Giménez Caballero had been published in an F. E. magazine article, Art and State, which became a book in 1935.
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