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Mass extinctions are characterized by the loss of at least 75% of species within a geologically short period of time (i.e., less than 2 million years). [18] [51] The Holocene extinction is also known as the "sixth extinction", as it is possibly the sixth mass extinction event, after the Ordovician–Silurian extinction events, the Late Devonian extinction, the Permian–Triassic extinction ...
Known from an undated femur from either the late Pleistocene or early Holocene. Its morphology suggests arboreality, making unlikely that it became extinct when forests expanded in the Holocene. It might have become extinct due to human-induced habitat loss instead. [15] Diminute Jamaican hutia [6] Xaymaca fulvopulvis: Jamaica
The following list is incomplete by necessity, since the majority of extinctions are thought to be undocumented, and for many others there isn't a definitive, widely accepted last, or most recent record. According to the species-area theory, the present rate of extinction may be up to 140,000 species per year. [1]
Numerous animal species have disappeared from Madagascar and the Indian Ocean islands as part of the ongoing Holocene extinction, driven by human activity. The famous dodo (Raphus cucullatus), last seen in 1662, was endemic to Mauritius. [3] All 17 extinct lemurs were giant lemurs larger than the extant lemurs.
Extinct in the 1990s due to habitat destruction and fragmentation. [8] Flat pigtoe: Pleurobema marshalli: Tombigbee River, Mississippi and Alabama Extinct in 1984 due to loss of all habitat through impoundment or channelization. [8] Rio Grande monkeyface: Rotundaria couchiana: Rio Grande Extinct in the early 1900s due to habitat degradation. [8 ...
The Holocene extinction, otherwise referred to as the sixth mass extinction or Anthropocene extinction, [109] [110] is an ongoing extinction event of species during the present Holocene epoch (with the more recent time sometimes called Anthropocene) as a result of human activity.
This page features lists of species and organisms that have become extinct. The reasons for extinction range from natural occurrences, such as shifts in the Earth's ecosystem or natural disasters, to human influences on nature by the overuse of natural resources, hunting and destruction of natural habitats.
Extinction Date Probable causes [2] Quaternary: Holocene extinction: c. 10,000 BC – Ongoing: Humans [3] Quaternary extinction event: 640,000, 74,000, and 13,000 years ago: Unknown; may include climate changes, massive volcanic eruptions and Humans (largely by human overhunting) [4] [5] [6] Neogene: Pliocene–Pleistocene boundary extinction: 2 Ma