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Caligula was born in Antium on 31 August AD 12, the third of six surviving children of Germanicus and his wife and second cousin, Agrippina the Elder.Germanicus was a grandson of Mark Antony, and Agrippina was the daughter of Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa and Julia the Elder, making her the granddaughter of Augustus. [5]
A year later, Caligula named his only known daughter, Julia Drusilla, after his dead sister. Meanwhile, the widowed husband of Drusilla, Marcus Aemilius Lepidus , reportedly became a lover to her sisters, Julia Livilla and Agrippina the Younger , in an apparent attempt to gain their support so that he could succeed Caligula.
Vinicianus would not be the last of his family to conspire against the Caesars. Both his sons would be involved in conspiracies against Nero; Annius Pollio would be implicated in the Pisonian conspiracy in AD 65 [13] and the younger Lucius Annius Vinicianus would be involved in a plot to overthrow Nero and make his father-in-law emperor.
Caligula and Incitatus, drawing by Jean Victor Adam. Incitatus (Latin pronunciation: [ɪŋkɪˈtaːtʊs]; meaning "swift" or "at full gallop") was the favourite horse of Roman Emperor Caligula (r. 37–41 AD). According to legend, Caligula planned to make the horse a consul, although ancient sources are clear that this did not occur. Supposedly ...
Caligula ordered Gemellus killed within his first year in power. Backed by Naevius Sutorius Macro, Caligula asserted himself as sole princeps, though he later had Macro disposed of as well. [citation needed] Following Gemellus' death, Caligula marked his brother-in-law, Marcus Aemilius Lepidus, husband of his sister Julia Drusilla, as his
During the first years of Caligula's reign, Livilla, along with her elder sisters Agrippina the Younger and Julia Drusilla, received considerable honours and striking privileges, such as the rights of the Vestal Virgins (like the freedom to view public games from the upper seats in the stadium), the inclusion of her name in the oath of loyalty ...
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Because of this marriage, Lepidus became a close friend to Caligula and his family. [5] After the death of Gemellus in 37, Lepidus was publicly marked by Caligula as his heir. [8] In late 38, when the governor of Egypt Aulus Avilius Flaccus was arrested, Lepidus successfully persuaded Caligula to exile Flaccus to Andros rather than Gyarus. [9] [10]