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A 2014 report by the National Research Council identified two main causes of the increase in the United States' incarceration rate over the previous 40 years: longer prison sentences and increases in the likelihood of imprisonment. The same report found that longer prison sentences were the main driver of increasing incarceration rates since 1990.
The 2021 US incarceration rate of 531 per 100,000 population was the 6th highest rate. [1] According to the World Prison Population List (11th edition) there were around 10.35 million people in penal institutions worldwide in 2015. [ 5 ]
With around 100 prisoners per 100,000, the United States had an average prison and jail population until 1980. Afterwards it drifted apart considerably. [129] The United States has the highest prison and jail population (2,121,600 in adult facilities in 2016) as well as the highest incarceration rate in the world (655 per 100,000 population in ...
See second chart at right. Female incarceration rates by country and US state. Per 100,000 female population of all ages. Incarcerated females of all ages (where the data are available). From a 2018 report with latest available data. From the source report: "This graph shows the number of women in state prisons, local jails, and federal prisons ...
The issues that plague the criminal justice system -- overcrowding, prison reform, mental illness and diminishing funds, racial bias -- are not new, but they have become more burdensome over time.
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The United States has the highest incarceration rate in the world (which includes pre-trial detainees and sentenced prisoners). [59] As of 2009, 2.3 million people were incarcerated in the United States, including federal and state prisons and local jails, creating an incarceration rate of 793 persons per 100,000 of national population. [59]
The report by the Independent Sentencing Review found governments over the past 25 years jailed more criminals, despite evidence it does not prevent re-offending.